The type species of Misumenops, Misumena maculissparsa Keyserling, 1891 from Brazil is redescribed from its type material. A closely related, but widely confused species, Misumenops pallidus (Keyserling, 1880) (♂♀) from Bolivia and eastern Brazil to northern Argentina, is redescribed and compared with the type species. The revised concept of Misumenops is briefly discussed and its differences from the Eurasian Ebrechtella tricuspidata (Fabricius, 1775) as well as the North American Mecaphesa asperata (Hentz, 1847) and Mecaphesa celer (Hentz, 1847) are summarised. Misumenops guianensis (Taczanowski, 1872) from northern South America, Misumenops bellulus (Banks, 1896) from Florida and the Caribbean islands, Misumenops temibilis (Holmberg, 1876) from southern South America, and Misumenops variegatus (Keyserling, 1880), comb. n. ex Misumena from Peru are redescribed. Lectotypes are designated for Diaea pallida Keyserling, 1880 (♀), Misumena pallens Keyserling, 1880 (♀) and Misumena maculis-sparsa Keyserling, 1891 (♂). A female neotype is designated (from recent material) for Xysticus temibilis Holmberg, 1876 and its senior (but homonymous) synonym Thomisus cinereus Nicolet, 1849. The six confirmed Neotropical species of the genus Misumenops are listed, with four species in the maculissparsus-group: M. maculissparsus, M. pallidus, M. guianensis and M. bellulus, the last being the only species of Misumenops within the USA (Florida); the M. temibilis- and M. variegatus-groups are both monotypic, but are confirmed as members of the newly diagnosed Misumenops. Misumena exanthematica Holmberg, 1876 from Patagonia and Misumenoides nicoleti Roewer, 1951 as a nomen novum for Thomisus cinereus Nicolet, 1849 are synonymised with Misumenops temibilis (Holmberg, 1876). The junior secondary homonym Misumenops variegatus Mello-Leitão, 1917 is regarded as a nomen dubium. The resurrected genus Misumessus Banks, 1904 is diagnosed and the resurrection of Runcinioides Mello-Leitão, 1929 is confirmed, leading to the revalidated combinations Runcinioides argenteus Mello-Leitão, 1929, R. pustulatus Mello-Leitão, 1929, R. souzai Soares, 1942, and R. litteratus (Piza, 1933), all comb. n. ex Misumenops. The synonymisation of Metadiaea Mello-Leitão, 1929 with Misumenops is not accepted. Misumenops pallidus sensu Rinaldi (1983) from Brazil is transferred to the still unrevised “Misumenops” pallens-group. The monotypic genus Chorizopsis Simon,