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1 May 2002 Protection Against Lyme Disease Spirochete Transmission Provided by Prompt Removal of Nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)
Joseph Piesman, Marc C. Dolan
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Abstract

Public health recommendations for Lyme disease prevention generally include daily tick checks and prompt removal of attached ticks as a means of decreasing the risk of acquiring Lyme disease in highly endemic regions. In the current study, we determined whether crushing nymphal ticks during removal with forceps increased the risk of B. burgdorferi transmission, what degree of protection from transmission of B. burgdorferi was provided by removal of nymphal Ixodes scapularis Say at specific intervals, and whether commercial devices marketed for tick removal worked when tested against nymphal I. scapularis. Both removal via gentle pressure (26% transmission) or crushing the tick (30% transmission) caused a significant decrease in transmission as compared with the sham control (70% transmission). The degree of protection provided via tick removal decreased steadily up to 60 h of attachment; between 60 and 66 h, a dramatic falloff in protection occurred to the point where no protection was observed at 66 h. Finally, commercial tick removal devices varied widely in their efficacy for the removal of attached nymphal I. scapularis.

Joseph Piesman and Marc C. Dolan "Protection Against Lyme Disease Spirochete Transmission Provided by Prompt Removal of Nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)," Journal of Medical Entomology 39(3), 509-512, (1 May 2002). https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585-39.3.509
Received: 24 September 2001; Accepted: 1 January 2002; Published: 1 May 2002
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KEYWORDS
Borrelia burgdorferi
Ixodes scapularis
Lyme disease
tick removal
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