We revised the taxonomic status of Atractus species occurring in the eastern slopes of Central Cordillera, Magdalena Valley, and west slopes of Eastern Cordillera of Colombia on the basis of morphological characters (meristics, morphometrics, color patterns, and hemipenes). A lectotype is designated for Atractus obtusirostris. Additional specimens of A. melanogaster are reported for the first time and a neotype is designated for the species. The status of A. werneri is restricted to include only specimens from the western slopes of the Eastern Cordillera. Three new species are described from the eastern slopes of the Central Cordillera. Additionally, we provided a key for species distributed from the eastern Central to the western Eastern Cordilleras of Colombia, and propose a new species group for Atractus based on the sharing of exclusive morphological features.