We describe the current distribution of native and non-native fishes in the Goose Lake basin, Oregon, with comparisons to prior unpublished surveys. We employed a generalized random tessellation stratified design to achieve a spatially-balanced sampling distribution across the drainage, including samples representative of both public and private lands. We collected all 9 native Goose Lake fishes, including 4 endemic fishes and the endangered Modoc Sucker. Two native fish species, the Modoc Sucker and the Pit Sculpin, were rarely encountered. The Modoc Sucker was limited to the upper Thomas Creek drainage; however, we documented a range expansion from that known at the time of listing in 1985. We collected the Pit Sculpin from only 2 sampling locations, indicating that the Oregon distribution of Pit Sculpins has contracted in the past 50 y. We also documented the apparent expansion of 2 non-native fishes, Fathead Minnow and Brown Bullhead, in the drainage. Within the Goose Lake fish assemblage, we describe 3 species groups that are correlated with land use and physical habitat parameters. The results of this study provide a baseline to assess trends in fish community structure over time and under different climatic conditions, measure the effects of restoration projects, and guide future restoration efforts.