A synoptic treatment of the Tachigali Aubl., including Sclerolobium Vogel, in northern South America (Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname, Amazonian Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru) is presented and contains brief descriptions of, and a key to, the 54 species recognized in northern South America. Ten species, T. barnebyi van der Werff, T. bicornuta van der Werff, T. candelabrum van der Werff, T. cenepensis van der Werff, T. chrysaloides van der Werff, T. ferruginea van der Werff, T. fusca van der Werff, T. inconspicua van der Werff, T. loretensis van der Werff, and T. vaupesiana van der Werff, are newly described. Three overlooked names published by Tulasne (T. glauca, T. poeppigiana, and T. richardiana) have been taken up again. One new combination, T. melanocarpa (Ducke) van der Werff, is proposed. Lectotypes are designated for three species, T. alba Ducke, T. melanocarpa, and T. plumbea Ducke. The following species are placed in synonymy: Sclerolobium froesii Pires in T. bracteosa (Harms) Zarucchi & Pipoly; T. tessmannii Harms in T. formicarum Harms; T. myrmecophila (Ducke) Ducke in T. glauca; S. radlkoferi Rusby, S. uleanum Harms, and S. subbullatum Ducke in T. guianensis (Benth.) Zarucchi & Herend.; T. grandiflora Huber, T. ulei Harms, T. rusbyi Harms, and T. pulchra Dwyer in T. paniculata Aubl.; T. sulcata Benoist and T. bracteolata Dwyer in T. richardiana; and T. reticulosa (Dwyer) Zarucchi & Herend. in T. tinctoria (Benth.) Zarucchi & Herend.