Patrick D. Culbert,^1,2 Volker C. Radeloff,¹ Curtis H. Flather,³ Josef M. Kellndorfer,⁴ Chadwick D. Rittenhouse,⁵ Anna M. Pidgeon<sup>1

1</sup>1Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
²5E-mail: pdculbert@wisc.edu
³2U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Color
⁴3Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, Massachusetts 02540, USA
⁵4Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut