Fish Status Survey of Nordic Lakes: Effects of Acidification, Eutrophication and Stocking Activity on Present Fish Species Composition

Jouni Tammi; Magnus Appelberg; Ulrika Beier; Trygve Hesthagen; Antti Lappalainen; Martti Rask

doi:10.1579/0044-7447-32.2.98

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1 March 2003 Fish Status Survey of Nordic Lakes: Effects of Acidification, Eutrophication and Stocking Activity on Present Fish Species Composition

Jouni Tammi, Magnus Appelberg, Ulrika Beier, Trygve Hesthagen, Antti Lappalainen, Martti Rask

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Jouni Tammi,^* Magnus Appelberg,^** Ulrika Beier,^*** Trygve Hesthagen,^**** Antti Lappalainen,^***** Martti Rask^******

^*Jouni Tammi is a research scientist at the Department of Limnology and Environmental Protection, University of Helsinki. His special interest is biological recovery of inland waters from acidification. His address: University of Helsinki, Department of Limnology and Environmental Protection, Viikki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. jouni.tammi@helsinki.fi
^**Magnus Appelberg is a senior research scientist and the head of Institute of Coastal Research, National Board of Fisheries, Örebro. His address: Institute of Coastal Research, National Board of Fisheries, Gamla Slipvägen 19, SE-740 71 Öregrund, Sweden. magnus.appelberg@fiskeriverket.se
^***Ulrika Beier is a research scientist at the Institute of Freshwater Research, Drottningholm, Stockholm. Her address: Institute of Freshwater Research, SE-178 93 Drottningholm, Sweden. ulrika.beier@fiskeriverket.se
^****Trygve Hesthagen is a senior research scientist at the Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA). He holds a PhD in zoology from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. His research focuses mainly on the effects of acidification and liming on fish. His address: Norwegian Institute of Nature Research, Tungasletta 2, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway. trygve.hesthagen@ninatrd.ninaniku.no
^*****Antti Lappalainen is a senior research scientist at the Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, Helsinki. His special interest is effects of eutrophication on fish stocks in the coastal areas of Gulf of Finland. His address: Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, P.0. Box 6, FIN-00721 Helsinki, Finland. antti.lappalainen@rktl.fi
^******Martti Rask is a senior research scientist and Head of the environment oriented fish studies at the Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute. He holds a PhD in zoology from the University of Helsinki. His address: Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, Evo Fisheries Research Station, FIN-16970 Evo, Finland. martti.rask@rktl.fi

AMBIO: A J. of the Human Environment, 32(2):98-105 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-32.2.98

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Abstract

The status of fish populations in 3821 lakes in Norway, Sweden and Finland was assessed in 1995–1997. The survey lakes were chosen by stratified random sampling from all (126 482) Fennoscandian lakes ≥ 0.04 km². The water chemistry of the lakes was analyzed and information on fish status was obtained by a postal inquiry. Fish population losses were most frequent in the most highly acidified region of southern Norway and least common in eastern Fennoscandia. According to the inquiry results, the number of lost stocks of brown trout (Salmo trutta), roach (Rutilus rutilus), Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and perch (Perca fluviatilis) was estimated to exceed 10 000. The number of stocks of these species potentially affected by the low alkalinity of lake water was estimated to exceed 11 000. About 3300 lakes showed high total phosphorus (> 25 µg L^–1) and cyprinid dominance in eastern Fenno-scandia, notably southwestern Finland. This survey did not reveal any extinction of fish species due to eutrophication. One-third of the lakes had been artificially stocked with at least one new species, most often brown trout, whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus s.l.), Arctic char, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), pike-perch (Stizostedion lucio-perca), grayling (Thymallus thymallus), pike (Esox lucius), bream (Abramis brama), tench (Tinca tinca) and European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus). The number of artificially manipulated stocks of these species in Fennoscandian lakes was estimated to exceed 52 000. Hence, the number of fish species occurring in Nordic lakes has recently been changed more by stockings than by losses of fish species through environmental changes such as acidification.

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Jouni Tammi, Magnus Appelberg, Ulrika Beier, Trygve Hesthagen, Antti Lappalainen, and Martti Rask "Fish Status Survey of Nordic Lakes: Effects of Acidification, Eutrophication and Stocking Activity on Present Fish Species Composition," AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment 32(2), 98-105, (1 March 2003). https://doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-32.2.98

Published: 1 March 2003

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AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment

AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment
Vol. 32 • No. 2
March 2003

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Jouni Tammi, Magnus Appelberg, Ulrika Beier, Trygve Hesthagen, Antti Lappalainen, Martti Rask "Fish Status Survey of Nordic Lakes: Effects of Acidification, Eutrophication and Stocking Activity on Present Fish Species Composition," AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment, 32(2), 98-105, (1 March 2003)

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