Field investigations on wood-rotting fungi in Jiangxi Province, eastern China, were made in 2005–2009, and nearly 600 specimens were collected by the authors. Based on the collected materials 149 poroid wood-rotting fungi were identified, and this paper provides a checklist of our results. Substrates and collecting data are provided for each species. Phellinus tenuiculus B.K. Cui sp. nova is described and illustrated. It is characterized by an annual growth habit, resupinate and very thin basidiocarps, lack of setae, and by ellipsoid, yellowish brown and fairly thick-walled basidiospores, which are usually collapsed when mature.