Shorea peltata (Dipterocarpaceae), categorized according to IUCN classification as Critically Endangered, is reported for the first time from Sarawak, NW Malaysian Borneo. New data on its distribution, locations' geological characteristics, and the first published description of shoot innovations are presented. Plants from ultrabasics in NE Sabah were excluded from S. peltata as an undescribed taxon for which better material is required to enable formal description. Although conservation status of Peninsular Malaysian populations of S. peltata is Critically Endangered, on Borneo S. peltata is considered Endangered, and its Sumateran populations require conservation reassessment.