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1 December 2012 Life History of Alinda biplicata (Montagu, 1803) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Clausiliidae) Based on Five-Year Laboratory Observations
Tomasz K. Maltz, Anna Sulikowska-Drozd
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Abstract

The maturation, growth and reproduction of Alinda biplicata, in the laboratory were studied over a five-year period. The snails were kept in pairs and groups of a few individuals. The initial material came from two populations from SW. Poland. The snails reproduced during the whole year, more intensively in the spring and autumn. We confirmed the ovoviviparity of A. biplicata: the whole embrynic development takes place in eggs retained in the parent's uterus. The snails gave birth to juveniles (no egg-laying was observed), and the uteri of dissected individuals contained from 3 to 15 eggs. The number of juveniles per litter was 1 to 8. The snails produced 3 to 20 juveniles in 2–9 batches per year. The neonate shells had 2.1–2.9 whorls and height of 1–1.6 mm. Growth to adulthood lasted 20 to 56 weeks and the time increased with increasing density of snails. The snails became sexually mature 5–6 months after completeion of shell growth and formation of the closing apparatus. The juvenile mortality ranged from 16.7% to 60.6% and increased with density. The life span in the laboratory was 220 to 295 weeks (4 to 6 years). These results are compared with those for other species; A. biplicata resembles other large ovoviviparous Clausiliidae species.

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Tomasz K. Maltz and Anna Sulikowska-Drozd "Life History of Alinda biplicata (Montagu, 1803) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Clausiliidae) Based on Five-Year Laboratory Observations," Annales Zoologici 62(4), 789-807, (1 December 2012). https://doi.org/10.3161/000345412X659803
Received: 30 January 2012; Accepted: 17 April 2012; Published: 1 December 2012
KEYWORDS
clausiliidae
delayed maturation
development
growth
land snail
life cycle
ovoviviparity
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