Eastern and western populations of the ranid frog Odorrana chapaensis from Vietnam and China are readily differentiated by morphology and mtDNA, and weakly differentiated by morphometrics. The western population contains the type localities of O. chapaensis and its junior synonym Amolops macrorhynchus. The eastern population is described as a new species, characterized by a combination of males with snout–vent length 71–79 mm, females 87–100 mm; head length greater than head width; relative finger length I ≤ II < IV < III; tips of all digits expanded with circummarginal grooves; webbing complete to discs of all toes; posterior portion of thigh yellow-brown with fine, dusty-white stippling; inguinal region brown with indistinct gray-white spotting; females with eggs with pigmented poles; males with gular pouches; and males with spinules on upper lip from snout tip to level of mid-portion of eye. The original description of O. chapaensis is translated into English and supplemented with new data.