We report on the phenology of the sporophytes of Octoblepharum albidum Hedw. (Calymperaceae), a moss growing in a seasonal ecosystem between the semi-deciduous Atlantic Forest and neotropical savanna areas of Brazil. We examined 100 sporophyte-bearing plants in ten different populations every two weeks between March/2014 and April/2015. This is the first analysis of phenological data of bryophytes using a circular presentation to interpret cyclical phenomena. Sporophyte development events in O. albidum were clearly seasonal, with the frequencies of all phenophases being related principally to rainfall. The three early stages of sporophyte development (immature to post-meiotic sporangium) occurred predominantly during the dry season, contrasting with sporangia dehiscence, which occurred mainly during the rainy season. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the reproductive biology of bryophytes in tropical ecosystems, particularly those in seasonal habitats. We also highlight the consequences of misinterpreting some of the phenophases in mosses, and how revised concepts of these phases improved phenological interpretations.

Two species of Campylopus, C. fragiliformis and C. pilifer, were previously reported from Trindade Island, a Brazilian island situated in the South Atlantic Ocean around 1100 km off the coast of mainland Brazil. Phylogenetic inferences from sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers and three plastid markers are consistent with the recognition of two Campylopus species on Trindade. However, the island populations of C. pilifer are nested among those of C. introflexus and those of C. fragiliformis among those of C. occultus. A re-investigation of morphological characters confirms that the populations from Trindade Island belong to these species. Based on phylogenetic relationships, both C. introflexus and C. occultus probably reached Trindade from continental South America. The colonization of Trindade by C. introflexus in particular might have been facilitated by the severe human impact on the original vegetation throughout the last five centuries.

Inferences from molecular data (rps4 and trnL-F) and morphological features of the Chilean endemic Aptychella chilensis reveal that the species should be excluded from Aptychella and the Pylaisiadelphaceae, and transferred to Ombronesus in the Ptychomniaceae. The new combination Ombronesus chilensis (Herzog) Frank Müll. & H. Akiyama is proposed with the new synonym O. stuvensis N.E. Bell, N. Pedersen & A.E. Newton. A lectotype for A. chilensis is selected.

Sixty-one species are newly added to the moss flora of Vietnam. Of which, ten genera (Eurhynchiadelphus Ignatov, Huttunen & T.J. Kop., Fleischerobryum Loeske, Forsstroemia Lindb, Geheebia Schimp., Hageniella Broth., Leskeella (Limpr.) Loeske, Pterogoniadelphus M. Fleisch., Rhizomnium (Mitt. ex Broth.) T.J. Kop., Scabridens E.B. Bartram and Torrentaria Ochyra) are newly reported for the country. Scabridens is recorded outside China for the first time. The tropical American Macromitrium longifolium (Hook.) Brid. is newly reported for Asia. The occurrence of Ctenidium pinnatum (Broth. & Paris) Broth. in Vietnam is confirmed. These results make up the moss flora of Vietnam comprising of 816 species (including 50 infraspecific taxa) belonging to 227 genera in 61 families. One hundred and three taxa of mosses are hitherto known only from Vietnam. All new generic records are illustrated based on the local specimens.

Eight species of liverworts (Cheilolejeunea incisa, Cololejeunea dozyana, Drepanolejeunea dactylophora, Lejeunea mizutanii, Leptolejeunea serrulata, Phaeolejeunea amicorum, Plagiochila sciophila, Spruceanthus thozetianus) are reported as new for New Caledonia. Species endemic to New Caledonia and hitherto only known from one or very few localities were reported from additional localities. Sporophytes of Macromitrium larrainii as well as male plants of Pogonatum neo-caledonicum were found for the first time and are described. Bazzania erosa is excluded from the bryophyte flora of New Caledonia.

Gymnomitrion crenatilobum Grolle, earlier reported from Nepal and known from the type only, is reported from Uttarakhand, India. The plants are clearly distinguishable based on a 2–3 cells wide hyaline leaf margin which is crenulate in apical half of leaves and smooth in basal half.

The genus Macromitrium is one of the richest genera of mosses in New Caledonia, although unrevised to date, with 44 names currently accepted. A new species, Macromitrium humboldtense, is described and illustrated here. It is characterized by 1) a soft and shaggy habit, when dry with the leaves irregularly individually twisted and loosely spirally arranged, with their thin points unevenly oriented; 2) branches relatively short and crowded; 3) branch leaves large (> 3.6 mm), narrowly lanceolate, regularly tapering from basal 1/8 of the leaf, long acuminate, ending in a piliform apex; 4) upper cells papillose, basal cells mainly smooth; 5) setae long (> 15 mm), calyptrae glabrous. Comparison with piliferous species of Macromitrium in neighbouring countries is given. Ecological and geographical features for the three long cuspidate Macromitrium in New Caledonia are discussed.

377 bryophyte species (four hornworts, 198 liverworts, and 175 mosses) are reported from Jamaica, among these 57 new records for the island (two hornworts, 53 liverworts and two mosses). Eight species are for the first time attributed to the West Indies, and eight genera (Notothylas, Alobiellopsis, Colura, Fossombronia, Jensenia, Otigoniolejeunea, Leptophascum, and Rauiella) are added to the bryophyte flora of Jamaica. A total of 692 species of bryophytes are now known to occur in Jamaica (367 liverwort and hornwort species; 325 moss species).