Studies of the Neotropical orchid genus Crossoglossa reveal seven new species and a new synonym. Discussion is also provided on some prior misidentifications, and some emended descriptions are provided to clarify the characters of previously published taxa. The novel taxa are C. boekeana, C. dressleri, C. kolanowskae, C. oliveirae, C. pellucida, C. sprucei, and C. tetraphylla. Crossoglossa dodsonii is considered a synonym of C. dalstroemii.