The actinomycete Streptomyces vinaceusdrappus (S12-4) was isolated from soil samples collected from the Venganayakkan region in Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India. The strain was identified using 16S rRNA sequencing, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA4 software with sequences submitted to GenBank. In laboratory bioassays, crude extracts of secondary metabolites of the actinomycete demonstrated larvicidal and ovicidal activity against Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Anopheles stephensi Liston, but not against Aedes aegypti L. These results suggest that metabolites of S. vinaceusdrappus S12-4 may have value in development of alternatives to conventional chemical insecticides for control of mosquito populations.