People interact with the landscape and use its resources on a daily basis. An ecotope is the smallest ecological place culturally recognized within a landscape. Many ecotopes reveal the interaction between local communities and the environment and perceptions about ecotopes are based on the experiences of their observers. We studied local perceptions of ecotopes recognized by rural men and women, in order to understand the decision-making processes related to ecotope management and the use of plant resources in these landscapes. The study area was in Ribeirão Taquaras (Ibirama municipality, Santa Catarina, Brazil), a region populated with descendants of German immigrants. Through 91 interviews (41 men and 50 women) and four participatory workshops, two with women and two with men, we identified 12 ecotopes. The interaction between people and the environment determines their knowledge about plant resources and the environment and this varies according to their social roles. These interactions occur with cultivated and harvested plant resources and in ecotopes under different intensities of management. The perception of the environment reflects this interaction, social roles and relationships, and the historical context reflected in the environment. The different perceptions of men and women reveal features and complementarities in decision-making and daily tasks on rural properties.