Eleutherodactylus heterodactylus was rediscovered in Cerrado montane forest of eastern Bolivia, 250–300 km airline from its type locality in Brazil, in similar habitat. The advertisement call is described for the first time. This species shares morphological features with species of the Eleutherodactylus binotatus and Eleutherodactylus discoidalis groups but is not assigned to either group pending further study. We confirm that Eleutherodactylus crepitans and Eleutherodactylus dundeei are valid species easily distinguishable from Eleutherodactylus fenestratus. Bolivian populations of the Andes previously assigned to E. dundeei correspond to an undescribed species allied to Eleutherodactylus peruvianus.