Anuran amphibians feature at least two olfactory systems, the main olfactory organ and the vomeronasal organ (VNO). Although the main olfactory organ is known to detect air-borne olfactory stimuli, the capacities of the anuran VNO are still under discussion. One unresolved question is how chemical stimuli reach the vomeronasal sensory epithelium. The present study investigates, for the first time, the anatomical relationship between the anuran lateral nasal glands (LNG) and the VNOs of adult and developing animals. Based on the histological results, it seems very likely that the LNG is involved in the functioning of the vomeronasal system. First, the orifice of the LNG in adult animals of three investigated anuran species is always located nearby the external naris but, at the same time directly above the entrance to the lower nasal cavities and, thus, the VNO. Secretions discharged by the gland are observed to move toward this entrance. Furthermore in the development of the gland during metamorphosis, the spatial affiliation between the glandular opening and the VNO becomes prominent. The secretions of the LNG may carry chemical stimuli from the entrance of the nasal cavity to the vomeronasal sensory epithelium, a scenario already described for so-called odorant-binding proteins (OBP), found in secretions of the mammalian LNG. The question of whether the stimuli trapped by the gland secretions may be volatile is discussed in the light of the present and previous results.