Pregnancy diagnosis is an important part in reproduction management of wild ruminants involved in free-ranging and captive programs. Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are placenta-expressed proteins released into maternal blood circulation. Tests with high specificity have been developed and validated in domestic species and have been used in some wild ungulate species. One hundred and seventeen serum samples collected from 72 mature female Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) were tested using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Pregnancy was determined either postmortem (n = 5) or by visualization of parturition (n = 33). The other sera were controls from known nonpregnant females (n = 71). The following values were obtained: sensitivity = 100.0%, specificity = 95.8%. Using a commercial ELISA for the detection of PAGs appears to be a rapid, inexpensive, and accurate test for pregnancy diagnosis in the endangered Barbary sheep. The number of offspring cannot be determined with this method.