Taxonomic and palynological studies on Arisaema Martius (Araceae) from the Western Ghats, India, distinguish two taxa belonging to section Tortuosa Engler. Arisaema sahyadricum S. R. Yadav, K. S. Patil & Bachulkar var. ghaticum Sardesai, S. P. Gaikwad & S. R. Yadav, a recently described variety in 2006, is treated here at the species level as A. ghaticum Punekar & Kumaran. Arisaema sivadasanii S. R. Yadav, K. S. Patil & Janarthanam, previously considered as a synonym of A. tortuosum (Wallich) Schott, is recognized here as the subspecies A. tortuosum subsp. sivadasanii (S. R. Yadav, K. S. Patil & Janarthanam) Punekar & Kumaran. Taxonomic implications are discussed and a key to the Arisaema taxa of the North Western Ghats is provided.