The Paul Hesse Collection, purchased by ANSP in 1926, focused on non-marine mollusks of Europe and countries bordering the Mediterranean and Black Seas. It contains about 7,500 lots totaling about 50,000 specimens and is thus an important resource for studying Palearctic mollusks. Type lots of more than 40 European authors are included therein. Hesse himself introduced available names for 62 species-group, 62 genus-group and 4 family-group taxa, all of them gastropods and most terrestrial. Five additional species-group names were introduced by other authors in Hesse's works. Among Hesse's species-group names, 7 were replacements for preoccupied names of other authors. We found type specimens for 32 Hesse taxa in the ANSP collection and report their current type status. H. B. Baker listed primary type material at ANSP for 22 of these and designated lectotypes where ANSP held more than one specimen. For the 10 names not treated by Baker, it has not been previously reported that ANSP holds type material. We designate a lectotype for one of them, Archelix punctata melanostoma. Hesse's primary type specimens at ANSP are figured and the current placement of species-group taxa that he named is provided based on recent literature, except for replacement names. Buliminus phazemonicus Hesse, 1910 is synonymized with Buliminus ufjalvyanus Ancey, 1886, which is currently placed in Laevozebrinus, and its type locality, originally stated to be Merzifon, Turkey, is identified as the Fergana Valley of central Asia. Theba teheranensis is reclassified as a Monacha but considered a nomen dubium. Other type localities represented by the Hesse type material at ANSP are in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Georgia, Greece, Morocco, Syria and Tunisia.