Stewart Breck,^* Patrick Clark,^* Larry Howery,^* Douglas Johnson,^* Bryan Kluever,^* Samuel Smallidge,^* Andres Cibils<sup>*


*</sup>Authors are Research Scientist, USDA-WS National Wildlife Research Center, Ft. Collins, CO 80521, USA (Breck); Range Scientist, USDA-ARS NW Watershed Research Center, Boise, ID 83712, USA (Clark); Professor and Rangeland Extension Specialist, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA (Howery); Professor, Department of Rangeland Ecology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA (Johnson); Senior Wildlife Biologist, Hayden-Wing Associates, Laramie WY 82072 (Kluever); Assistant Professor and Wildlife Specialist, New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA (Smallidge); and Associate Professor, Dept of Animal and Range Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA, acibils@nmsu.edu (Cibils). P. Clark and D. Johnson wish to thank the USDA Agricultural Research Service, Oregon Beef Council, and Oregon State University for funding and support of this research. We also acknowledge Idaho Department of Fish and Game, USDA APHIS Wildlife Services, USDA Forest Service, and Nez Perce Tribe for their support and cooperation.