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1 December 2014 Cannibalism in Scolothrips longicornis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Neoseiulus californicus and Typhlodromus bagdasarjani (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Azadeh Farazmand, Yaghoub Fathipour, Karim Kamali
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Abstract

Cannibalism is an important factor in biology and ecology of many species of insects and mites. The structure and dynamics of populations of predators used in biological control programs might be affected by cannibalism. The objective of the present study was to determine cannibalism by adult females of the generalist phytoseiids, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) and Typhlodromus bagdasarjani Wainstein & Arutunjan and the specialist predatory thrips, Scolothrips longicornis Priesner. The experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions at 25°C, 65% RH and a photoperiod of 16h light: 8h dark. The larval stages, prepupae and pupae of the thrips and the immature stages (eggs, larvae and protonymphs) of the phytoseiids were used as prey. For this purpose, two types of experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, cannibalism of N. californicus, T. bagdasarjani and S. longicornis on their immatures were studied in the absence of the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch as an extraguild (EG) prey. The second experiment determined the cannibalism of each adult female of the predatory mite and predatory thrips in presence of EG prey. Both phytoseiid species had ability to consume their conspecific prey and the predatory thrips had ability to consume conspecific larvae. Each female of N. californicus and T. bagdasarjani consumed the eggs (0.09 and 0.06 egg/female/day, respectively), larvae (0.78 and 0.70 larva/female/day, respectively) and protonymphs (0.89 and 0.69 nymph/female/day, respectively). Also, S. longicornis consumed its first and second instar larvae (0.33 and 0.25 larva/female/day, respectively). When TSSM was presented as an extraguild prey, the intensity of cannibalism in N. californicus and T. bagdasarjani on their larvae 0.32 and 0.22 per day, respectively and on protonymphs 0.03 and 0.15 per day, respectively decreased and S. longicornis did not feed anymore on its own larval stages. Therefore, it is concluded that cannibalism is very limited in the three examined species and the lack of TSSM as the main prey can intensify this behavior.

© Systematic & Applied Acarology Society
Azadeh Farazmand, Yaghoub Fathipour, and Karim Kamali "Cannibalism in Scolothrips longicornis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Neoseiulus californicus and Typhlodromus bagdasarjani (Acari: Phytoseiidae)," Systematic and Applied Acarology 19(4), 471-480, (1 December 2014). https://doi.org/10.11158/saa.19.4.10
Accepted: 1 July 2014; Published: 1 December 2014
KEYWORDS
biological control
generalist
multiple predator release
predatory mites
predatory thrips
specialist
Tetranychus urticae
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