Ground-living spiders of different habitats in the Cabañeros National Park, central Spain, each under different management conditions, were studied to characterize their community richness and composition. Five different habitats were selected: Mediterranean forest, abandoned pine plantations and three kinds of dehesas or meadows (differing in their understory management). In three sampling periods, during two springs and one in fall (2001–2002), a total of 1,152 pitfall traps were deployed in five different habitats. A total of 3,801 adult spiders, representing 105 species from 24 families were collected, among which 13 are considered endemic for the Iberian Peninsula. Correspondence analysis and indicator species analysis showed that spider richness and assemblages differed considerably among the different habitats. The scrub dehesa had the highest ground-living spider richness. Twenty-three indicator species were identified for the different habitats, of which four are considered endemic for the Iberian Peninsula. Gnaphosidae have a high potential as indicators of habitat quality.