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1 January 2017 Measuring Interference from Midseason Tall Morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea) to Develop a Model for Teaching Weed Seedbank Effects on Chile Pepper
Brian J. Schutte
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Tactics that target seedbanks are important components of weed management systems; however, such tactics can be difficult to adopt because consequences of seedbank reduction are often unclear. This study developed model-based software to provide insights on the economic outcomes, in the context of chile pepper production, of additions to tall morningglory seedbanks. Data for the model were derived from this and previous studies. In this study, field experiments were conducted to determine chile pepper yield and harvest efficiency responses to mid-season tall morningglory infestations. The experimental treatments were factorial combinations of herbicide (pendimethalin-treated, nontreated) and tall morningglory density (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 plants 10-m row−1). Treatments were installed 9.5 weeks after crop seeding. Data collected included fresh weight of marketable chile peppers and time required for one individual to harvest 10-m of crop row, which was used to calculate the amount of chile pepper harvested in 1 min (harvest efficiency). Results indicated that crop yield was not influenced by tall morningglory density, pendimethalin treatment and interactions between tall morningglory density and pendimethalin. Harvest efficiency was influenced by tall morningglory density but was not influenced by herbicide treatment or interactions between herbicide treatment and tall morningglory density. Each additional tall morningglory plant decreased the amount of chile pepper harvested in 1 min by 9.7 g. The results of this and previous studies were used to develop model-based software that presents tall morningglory seedbank density effects on: (1) tall morningglory seedling densities after pendimethalin, (2) time requirements for hand-hoeing after pendimethalin, and (3) time requirements for hand-harvesting to acquire yield goals. The model-based software is intended to be used in the instruction of weed seedbank management strategies. By presenting seedbank density effects on weed control outcomes and crop production expenses, the model-based software might promote adoption of seedbank reduction strategies.

Nomenclature: Pendimethalin; tall morningglory, Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth PHBPU; chile pepper, Capsicum annuum L.

Tácticas que se enfocan en los bancos de semillas son importantes componentes de los sistemas de manejo de malezas. Sin embargo, estas tácticas pueden ser difíciles de adoptar porque las consecuencias de la reducciones en el banco de semillas son comúnmente poco claras. Este estudio desarrolló un programa computacional basado en modelos para brindar una visión profunda sobre los resultados económicos de adiciones al banco de semillas de Ipomoea purpurea, en el contexto de la producción de chile picante. Los datos para el modelo fueron derivados a partir de el presente estudio y estudios previos. En este estudio, se realizaron experimentos de campo para determinar las respuestas en el rendimiento de chile picante y la eficiencia en la cosecha a infestaciones de I. purpurea en medio de la temporada de crecimiento. Los tratamientos experimentales fueron combinaciones factoriales de herbicida (tratado con pendimethalin, sin tratamiento) y densidad de I. purpurea (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 plantas 10-m hilera−1). Los tratamientos fueron instalados 9.5 semanas después de la siembra del cultivo. Los datos colectados incluyeron peso fresco de chile comercializable y el tiempo requerido para que un individuo cosechara 10-m de hilera de cultivo, lo que fue usado para calcular la cantidad de chile cosechado por minuto (eficiencia de cosecha). Los resultados indicaron que el rendimiento del cultivo no fue influenciado por la densidad de I. purpurea, el tratamiento con pendimethalin ni las interacciones entre la densidad de I. purpurea y pendimethalin. La eficiencia de cosecha fue influenciada por la densi

© Weed Science Society of America, 2017 
Brian J. Schutte "Measuring Interference from Midseason Tall Morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea) to Develop a Model for Teaching Weed Seedbank Effects on Chile Pepper," Weed Technology 31(1), 155-164, (1 January 2017). https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2016.19
Received: 7 December 2016; Accepted: 3 October 2016; Published: 1 January 2017
KEYWORDS
Adoption
bioeconomic modeling
chili pepper
education
extension
seedbank management
soil-applied herbicide
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