Chromosome numbers are presented for 32 taxa of angiosperms from Romania, mainly from mountainous regions in the Carpathians. Counts on 12 species are reported for the first time for Romanian and 14 for Carpathian plants. For Silene dubia a new ploidy level is reported. Karyotypes are presented for several species, mainly of Achillea and Ranunculus. Taxonomic and phytogeographical aspects are discussed.