Flower anatomy and embryology of Lophiocarpus polystachyus was studied, based on over one thousand slides left by Theo Eckardt and prepared from material of a wild source in South Africa chiefly in the 1970s. The all bisexual flowers of the polytelic inflorescences possess a well-developed nectary, are promoted on the abaxial side, have a perianth of five tepals. a 4-merous or, more rarely, by fusion of two adaxial stamens, 3-merous androecium, a somewhat stipitate, unilocular gynoecium of two fused carpels with one basally inserted ovule. Wall formation of the introrse and tetrasporangiate anther conforms to the Monocotyledonous type. Meiosis of the microsporocytes during which 9 bivalents are visible leads after simultaneous delimitation of the microspores to tetrahedral and decussate pollen tetrads. The tricolpate pollen is 3-celled when shed. The ovule is campylotropous, bitegmic and crassinucellate, as is common in the Centrospermae. Embryo sac development is of the monosporic, Polygonum type. Embryogenesis follows the Caryophyllad type of Johansen. The fruit is a 1-seeded drupe. The flower anatomy of Lophiocarpus confirms an affinity to the Phytolaccaceae s.l. and its distance from the Chenopodiaceae because of the missing gynophore in the latter. A comparison with the embryological data for Corbichonia does not corroborate an intimate relationship of the two genera.