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25 August 2008 Male Dimorphism in Three Sympatric Species of Onthophagus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Shih-Hsiung Liang, Bao-Sen Shieh, Ming-Shu Huang
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Abstract

Onthophagus trituber, O. taurinus, and O. proletarius, three sympatric dung beetle species native to southern Taiwan, exhibit normally distributed body size (pronotum width) but non-normally distributed horn length due to the presence of horned and hornless morphs. The scaling relationships between horn length and body size were established by using sigmoidal and segmented linear estimation, and the horned/hornless ratio in each of the species was estimated. The ratios estimated by sigmoidal curves showed that all three species were biased toward the hornless morph, whereas the ratios from segmented lines showed that only one species (O. taurinus) was biased toward the hornless morph. Nevertheless, the results of the two methods of estimation were concordant in ranking the horned morph proportions among the three species; O. proletarius had the largest proportion of horned morphs, whereas O. taurinus had the smallest, suggesting that the fewer horned morph in O. taurinus likely resulted from both intra- and inter-specific competition.

Shih-Hsiung Liang, Bao-Sen Shieh, and Ming-Shu Huang "Male Dimorphism in Three Sympatric Species of Onthophagus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)," Zoological Science 25(8), 793-798, (25 August 2008). https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.25.793
Received: 5 May 2008; Accepted: 2 June 2008; Published: 25 August 2008
KEYWORDS
competition
dung beetles
male dimorphism
Onthophagus
sympatric species
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