The relationships of the rare Mesoamerican fern Campyloneurum anetioides are inferred by comparing sequences of trnL_UAA-trnF_GAA intergenic spacer of the plastid genome. In the past, this taxon was either treated as the single member of the genus Hyalotrichopteris or as part of the diverse Neotropical genus Campyloneurum. Analyses of the cpDNA give unambiguous support to the taxonomic placement of this species within Campyloneurum. The closest relatives within the genus Campyloneurum are currently unknown because limited taxon sampling and variation of the cpDNA sequences do not allow to elucidate this question. However, we can conclude that C. anetioides is unlikely the derivative of an early separation within Campyloneurum.

We describe and illustrate Thelypteris tuxtlensis, a new species in subgenus Goniopteris (Thelypteridaceae), from the biogeographic region of Los Tuxtlas, in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. This species appears to be most closely related to T. hatchii and T. biolleyi.

Cheilanthes incisa, a small and rare endemic fern of Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil), was described in 1859. Hypolepis serrata, published ten years later, is usually considered a taxonomic synonym. Both names have typification problems, addressed here by designation of a neotype for C. incisa and selection of a lectotype of H. serrata from among Glaziou materials cited by Fée. Epidermal characteristics and spores of C. incisa are described for the first time and their diagnostic value assessed. Taxonomic relationships between C. incisa and putatively related cheilanthoid ferns are also discussed.

Cultured gametophytes of Huperzia selago are dorsiventral and strap-shaped. They are basically the same as cultured gametophytes of other terrestrial Huperzia species and also essentially the same as gametophytes of H. selago collected from loose soil. Besides shape, the cultured gametophytes have anatomical features found in gametophytes of H. selago from loose soil. These gametophytes are Type III gametophytes as characterized by Bruchmann in 1898. Although both gametangia occur on individual cultured gametophytes, the meristematic groove produces them at different times and they are not intermixed. The number of terrestrial Huperzia species with described gametophytes is still small (six), but that number has tripled as a result of the recent studies on these gametophytes in culture. Because all the terrestrial Huperzia species to date have Type III gametophytes, it would not be unexpected for the undescribed gametophytes of other species in this group to also be Type III gametophytes.

Review of a herbarium specimen (QBG) and subsequent field studies have revealed that Diphasiastrum multispicatum occurs near the summit of the two highest mountains in Thailand. This species is restricted to SE Asia and grows exclusively at higher elevations in the submontane to montane zone. Previously, it has been reported from China, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam, but not from Thailand. A comparison of the plants from Thailand with those from the type locality of D. multispicatum in the Philippines (Mt. Santo Thomas near Baguio City, Province of Benguet, Luzon), where this species is still present, shows the plants from Thailand to be D. multispicatum. Like other Diphasiastrum species, D. multispicatum is a weak competitor and grows on (disturbed) immature soils on slopes with more or less open and low growing vegetation. We also present morphological evidence that Diphasiastrum multispicatum is distinct from Diphasiastrum complanatum s.s., which is a north temperate, circumboreal species (in northern and central Europe, Greenland, northern North America, Japan and northern Asia, excluding the tropics).

Two endemic species, Athyrium tripinnatum Tagawa and A. minimum Ching are confirmed to exist in Taiwan. Their taxonomic descriptions, pictures of living plants, illustrations, and additional notes are provided