The Eurasian minnow Phoxinus phoxinus is widely distributed across most of Europe and northern Asia. It displays considerable morphological diversity and variable colouration. Despite this it is still believed that its whole distribution holds only one monotypic species. There are no previous conclusive morphometric analyses of samples from different parts of its distribution area. This paper presents results of multidimensional analyses of morphometric characters of 14 widely scattered populations of the species. Our analyses show considerable inter-population differences. Morphometric evidence suggests that populations from the Amur River system and central Asia may represent new, distinct species or subspecies. The status of the remaining populations remains unclear.