Protaphorura macfadyeni (Gisin, 1953) Protaphorura mongolica (Martynova, 1975) Protaphorura nutak (Yosii, 1972) and Protaphorura tetragrammata (Gisin, 1964) are redescribed based on the type specimens and new materials. Protaphorura rectopunctata Buşmakiu, 1996 and Protaphorura serbica (Loksa et Bagojevic, 1976) is a junior synonyms of Protaphorura sakatoi (Yosii, 1966). Protaphorura elenae sp. nov., Protaphorura licheniphila sp. nov., Protaphorura merita sp. nov., Protaphorura nazarovensis sp. nov. and Protaphorura submersa sp. nov. five new, closely related species from Siberia (Russia) are described. An key to all Palaearctic Protaphorura species with 4 and more pseudocelli at antennal base is provided.