Prionchulus sturhani sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Germany. This new species is characterized by medium body length (1.63–1.88 mm), rounded head, cephalic papillae bigger than labial ones, cylindrical and medium sized (35.1–39.7 × 19.2–20.0 μm) buccal cavity, lower position of dorsal tooth (17.6–20.0% of the buccal cavity length), relatively short tail (77.3–87.7 μm, c=20.5–24.4, c'=1.7–2.2) with rounded tip, female genital branches without spermatheca and valvular apparatus between uterus and oviduct, pars refringens vaginae with close and poorly marked, almost transparent, narrow drops-shaped sclerotizations, relatively long and thick walled pars distalis vaginae.

Uncithrombium modestum (Berlese, 1888) is redescribed basing on the type specimen and three other individuals of type series allocated on four slides from Berlese Acaroteca, deposited in Firenze, Italy. The holotype and one individual of the type series are illustrated, measured and described. Diagnosis and description are supplemented with standard measurements, not considered in original publication. Differentiating diagnosis of U. modestum refers to four Neotropical species of Uncithrombium Gabryś, 1999 known from postlarval forms and satisfactorily described in literature: U. modestum, U. manriquei, U. panamense, and U. longipes. Concise and updated diagnosis of the genus Uncithrombium Gabryś, 1999 and the key to all known species are provided as well.

Erythraeus italicus Berlese, 1920 is redescribed basing on five specimens from Berlese Acaroteca deposited in Firenze, Italy. Specimen labelled as ‘Coll. Berlese Erythraeus italicus Berl. rotto Sn Vincenzo - Pisa sett. 1920 stoppie’ and registered in the collection as ‘212/40’ is designated as lectotype and four other specimens are designated as paralectotypes. Diagnosis and description are supplemented with illustrations and standard measurements, not considered in original description. Differentiating diagnoses comprise ten other species known from postlarval forms, and satisfactorily described in literature, which have been considered as related to E. italicus.

A new species Hymenaphorura yoshii sp. nov. from Myoujindo Cave in Japan is described and illustrated. The new species is the most similar to H. mystica Pomorski, 2001 and H. palaearctica Pomorski, 2001 but can be distinguished from former species by the build of postantennal organ, the clearly differentiated into macro- and microsetae chaetotaxy and the large and curved anal spines while the H. palaearctica differs from the new species by the absence of pseudocellus on thoracic tergum I, the presence of 4 macrosetae on abdominal tergum V and 2 lateral teeth on claw. The key to the world species of Hymenaphorura is also provided.

Oxycheila thanatus sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Carabidae) is described, based on specimens collected near a waterfall in the National Park of Caparaó, a Conservation Unit of Atlantic Forest in Southeast Brazil. This new species is most similar to Oxycheila germaini Fleutiaux, 1893, but has a triangular labrum which is wider than long, the elytral punctation is subseriate and the humeral calli is comparatively less developed. A modified couplet of the available taxonomic key to Oxycheila species is provided to include O. thanatus.

Dima tianmuensis Qiu and Kundrata sp. nov. is described from Zhejiang, China. This species differs from its congeners from mainland China and Taiwan by the coloration, length ratio of the basal antennomeres, relatively longer elytra, and shape of male genitalia. Photographs of the habitus and main diagnostic characters of the new species are provided. Altogether, 11 species of Dima are known from mainland China and Taiwan. An identification key and a distribution map for the Chinese Dima species are given.

The new genus Gibbopterus gen. nov. is included among Scleropterini to accommodate the new species of wingless weevils Gibbopterus guizhounus sp. nov. and Gibbopterus tenuis sp. nov., both from southwest China. The new genus's relationships with its three close relatives — Scleropteroides, Scleropterus and Proscleropterus — are discussed.

Chinese species of Macrotomoderus Pic, 1901 are reviewed. Descriptions and illustrations of seventeen new species from southern and eastern China are given, namely M. bukejsi sp. nov., M. chingpo sp. nov., M. conus sp. nov., M. darrenmanni sp. nov., M. gracilis sp. nov., M. kawa sp. nov., M. makarovi sp. nov., M. microscopicus sp. nov., M. mirabilis sp. nov., M. monstratus sp. nov., M. monstrificabilis sp. nov., M. perforatus sp. nov., M. periclitatus sp. nov., M. schuelkei sp. nov., M. silvicolus sp. nov., M. spurisi sp. nov., and M. wuliangshan sp. nov. An updated identification key to the Macrotomoderus of mainland China and Taiwan and annotated species list are presented. Ecology and conservation status are briefly discussed.

A new species of the genus Bantodemus is described (B. lajumaiensis sp. nov.) from the surroundings of the Lajuma Research Centre (Limpopo Province, South Africa). This discovery enforced the revision of some crucial morphological features used for species delimitation within the lucidus species-group. As a result a new identification key is provided for this species-group. Furthermore, the male morphology of Bantodemus montanus (lethaeus species-group) is described for the first time based on the material collected in the Lotheni Nature Reserve (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa).

Cis limanicus sp. nov. and Cis paraliacus sp. nov. are described based on specimens collected in Sub-Saharan Africa. These new species are included in the Cis multidentatus species-group, which comprises species with anterocephalic edge forming four sharp teeth in males; anterior edge of pronotum in males projected into two small to moderately long plates, which are very close to each other; outer apical angle of protibia projected in an acute tooth, which is larger in males than in females; both sexes with single or dual dorsal vestiture; and with prosternum from almost flat to tumid at midline, but never strongly carinate. Cis limanicus sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species in the group by the absence of abdominal sex patch in males and penis longer than tegmen. While Cis paraliacus sp. nov. can be distinguished by penis with apical half consisting of a pleated membrane. Cis aldabranus Scott is recorded for the first time from Madagascar, and Cis chinensis Lawrence is recorded for the first time from South Africa and Saipan (Northern Mariana Islands). Additionally, the first description of male abdominal terminalia of Cis aldabranus Scott is provided, as far as an identification key to most species of the Cis multidentatus species-group and a discussion on the importance of Cis chinensis as a pest of commercial dried fungi and as an invasive species.

Two new species of the tetrigid genus Loxilobus Hancock, namely Loxilobus zhengi Deng sp. nov. and Loxilobus dolichonotus Deng sp. nov. are described from China. An updated identification key to all known species of the genus from China is given.

Diasemocera Bezzi, 1895 (Type species: Psilopa nigrotaeniata Bezzi, 1895 [= Psilopa roederi Girschner, 1889]) is resurrected from synonymy with Psilopa and the following four new synonyms of Diasemocera are proposed: Domina Hutton (Type species: Domina metallica Hutton), Discocerinella Mercier (Type species: Discocerinella omonvillea Mercier, 1927 [= Notiphila pulicaria Haliday, 1839]), Trimerinoides Cresson (Type species: Trimerina adfinis Cresson) and Helaeomyia Cresson, 1941 (Type species: Psilopa petrolei Coquillett). Diasemocera is placed close to the genus Trimerina and it differs from the highly specialized Psilopa and related genera by the number of pseudotracheae (6–7), vestiture of prosternum, and characters of the male terminalia. A diagnosis of Diasemocera and a key for the species are provided. All 24 included species, previously placed in Psilopa, are combined with Diasemocera for the first time. One of the species is the petroleum fly, now named Diasemocera petrolei (Coquillett, 1899) and it belongs to Psilopini. Six species are treated as new synonyms; three in Diasemocera: Diasemocera nigritella (Stenhammar, 1844) = D. glabricula (Fallén); D. aethiopiae (Canzoneri, 1987) = D. nervimaculata: Becker (1910); D. punica (Canzoneri, 1991) = D. fratella (Becker, 1903), and four in Psilopa: Psilopa rutilans Canzoneri & Meneghini, 1972 = Psilopa radiolata (Becker, 1903) = Psilopa clara (Wollaston, 1858); Psilopa pappi Canzoneri and Meneghini, 1975 = Psilopa stackelbergi Nartshuk, 1970; Psilopa nettmanni Stuke, 2014 = Psilopa thora Dahl, 1973.

The genus Fidiobia Ashmead of the subfamily Sceliotrachelinae is represented by 26 species worldwide. Only two species viz. F. nagarajae Veenakumari et al. and F. virakthamati Veenakumari et al. were described from India. Surveys conducted from different parts of India resulted in 22 new species of Fidiobia: F. brevinotaula sp. nov., F. carinata sp. nov., F. crocea sp. nov., F. dantela sp. nov., F. decora sp. nov., F. doddi sp. nov., F. flaviabdominalis sp. nov., F. flavifrons sp. nov., F. fusca sp. nov., F. galben sp. nov., F. hima sp. nov., F. leptidantela sp. nov., F. longiabdominalis sp. nov., F. multicarinata sp. nov., F. nandi sp. nov., F. nilgiriensis sp. nov., F. prashanthi sp. nov., F. punyakoti sp. nov., F. setosa sp. nov., F. striatipleura sp. nov., F. szaboi sp. nov. and F. vandu sp. nov. All the 24 species from India are illustrated and a dichotomous key is provided.

Both sexes of a new fossil genus and species Eoprocladius hoffeinsorum gen. et sp. n. from Eocene Baltic amber are described and illustrated. This is the first report of a chironomid with such a long proboscis within the subfamily Tanypodinae and the tribe Procladiini. Within the family the elongated proboscis with narrow labella and suitable to feed on nectar evolved independently among Eocene and extant adult non-biting midges of the subfamilies Orthocladiinae and Tanypodinae. Djalmabatista maillardi Doitteau & Nel, 2007 from Eocene amber of France is placed in the extant genus Procladius Skuse: Procladius maillardi (Doitteau & Nel, 2007), comb. nov.