The enigmatic Neotropical genus Protandroconnus Franz is redescribed and redefined, based on examination of its type species, P. peruensis Franz. Superficially similar Trichocircusgen. nov. is described, a genus showing bizarre male cephalic modifications. Three new species are described: Trichocircus decorissp. nov. (type species of Trichocircus; Panama), T. antennatussp. nov. (Panama) and T. misersp. nov. (Costa Rica). A first attempt is made to subdivide the Neotropical genera of Glandulariini into informal groups and summarize the current state of knowledge to facilitate further studies, especially descriptions of new genera. Protandroconnus is included in the ‘Microscydmus-Homoconnus-Protandroconnus complex’, whereas Trichocircus is in the ‘Amimoscydmus-Protoconnus-Trichocircus complex'; the groups are proposed based on the presence or absence of the lateral submental sutures, the anterior metaventral process, and three variants of complete and incomplete fusion of the prosternum with the hypomera.