The present paper includes a taxonomic revision of the genus Gymnopogon P. Beauv. (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae), with a total of 14 species treated in this work, including more than 40 synonyms. The genus includes perennial, occasionally annual, species, with erect to decumbent culms, ligules membranous-ciliate, blades conspicuously distichous, inflorescences with spikelets on racemiform branches, spikelets laterally compressed, 1- to 4-flowered, glumes 1-nerved, lemma 3-nerved, awned. Species distributions are mostly American, with one Asian species. A description of morphological characters, key to identify the species, descriptions, synonymy, geographical distribution, and illustrations of characteres of taxonomic value are also included. The name Chloris delicatula C. B. Clarke ex Hook. f. (≡ Gymnopogon delicatulus (C. B. Clarke ex Hook. f.) Bor) is lectotypified.