Mycobacteriosis in an American Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)

Mark Hoenerhoff; Matti Kiupel; James Sikarskie; Carole Bolin; Heather Simmons; Scott Fitzgerald

doi:10.1637/7133

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1 April 2004 Mycobacteriosis in an American Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)

Mark Hoenerhoff, Matti Kiupel, James Sikarskie, Carole Bolin, Heather Simmons, Scott Fitzgerald

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Mark Hoenerhoff,¹ Matti Kiupel,^1,* James Sikarskie,² Carole Bolin,¹ Heather Simmons,¹ Scott Fitzgerald¹

¹aDepartment of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Diagnostic Center for Population and Anima
²bSmall Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lans

^*Corresponding author. Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, G300 Veterinary Medical Center, East Lansing, MI 48824

Avian Diseases, 48(2):437-441 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1637/7133

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Abstract

Avian mycobacteriosis is an important disease in companion, captive, exotic, and wild birds worldwide. Mycobacterium avium is the most widely distributed and pathogenic organism causing tuberculous lesions in birds. Multiple factors including age, stress, immune status, and preexisting disease determine the pathogenicity of M. avium, and the disease can manifest itself in a variety of forms. Mycobacteriosis can cause severe losses in zoo aviaries, including the loss of rare and endangered bird species. We report a case of systemic avian mycobacteriosis in an adult, free-living male American bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) that presented to the Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health in November 2003.

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Mark Hoenerhoff, Matti Kiupel, James Sikarskie, Carole Bolin, Heather Simmons, and Scott Fitzgerald "Mycobacteriosis in an American Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)," Avian Diseases 48(2), 437-441, (1 April 2004). https://doi.org/10.1637/7133

Received: 12 November 2003; Published: 1 April 2004

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Avian Diseases

Avian Diseases
Vol. 48 • No. 2
April 2004

KEYWORDS

Avian

Bald Eagle

granulomas

Haliaeetus leucocephalus

mycobacteriosis

Mycobacterium avium

systemic

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Mark Hoenerhoff, Matti Kiupel, James Sikarskie, Carole Bolin, Heather Simmons, Scott Fitzgerald "Mycobacteriosis in an American Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)," Avian Diseases, 48(2), 437-441, (1 April 2004)

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