BioOne.org will be down briefly for maintenance on 12 February 2025 between 18:00-21:00 Pacific Time US. We apologize for any inconvenience.
How to translate text using browser tools
2 November 2023 Exercise enhances placental labyrinth trophoblast development by activation of PGC-1α and FNDC5/irisin
Song Ah Chae, Min Du, Mei-Jun Zhu, Jun Seok Son
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Placental chorion/labyrinth trophoblasts are energy demanding which is met by the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Exercise enhances placental development and mitochondrial biogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. To address, female C57BL/6 J mice were randomly assigned into two groups: a control group and an exercise (EX) group. All animals were acclimated to treadmill exercise for 1 week before mating, but only the EX group was subjected to daily exercise during pregnancy from embryonic day (E) 1.5 to E16.5. Placenta were collected at E18.5 for biochemical and histochemical analyses, and primary trophoblast cells were isolated from the E18.5 placenta for further analyses. The data showed that exercise during pregnancy promoted the expression of syncytiotrophoblast cell markers, indicating trophoblast cell differentiation, which was closely associated with elevated mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in the E18.5 placenta. In addition, exercise during pregnancy activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 α (PGC-1α), which was associated with upregulated placental α-ketoglutarate and the expression of isocitrate dehydrogenases and ten-eleven translocations, facilitating DNA demethylation of the Pgc1a promoter. Furthermore, exercise upregulated fibronectin type III domain containing 5 expression and the secretion of its cleaved form, irisin, which is known to activate PGC-1α. These data suggest that exercise-induced activation of PGC-1α, via epigenetic modifications, is responsible for promoting mitochondrial energy metabolism and chorion/labyrinth trophoblast development.

Summary Sentence

Exercise during pregnancy induced DNA hypomethylation of Pgc1a promoter, which enhances FNDC5/irisin activation, mediating chorion/labyrinth trophoblast development.

Graphical Abstract

img-z1-20_355.jpg

Key points

  • Exercise during pregnancy upregulates the expression of chorion/labyrinth trophoblast cell markers.

  • Exercise enhances placental mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in primary trophoblast cells, which is mediated by DNA demethylation of the Pgc1a promoter.

  • PGC-1α synergizes with FNDC5/irisin to enhance differentiation of primary trophoblast cells.

Song Ah Chae, Min Du, Mei-Jun Zhu, and Jun Seok Son "Exercise enhances placental labyrinth trophoblast development by activation of PGC-1α and FNDC5/irisin," Biology of Reproduction 110(2), 355-364, (2 November 2023). https://doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioad151
Received: 22 August 2023; Accepted: 28 October 2023; Published: 2 November 2023
KEYWORDS
DNA methylation
exercise
mitochondria
placenta
pregnancy
trophoblast cell
RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS
Get copyright permission
Back to Top