The Role of Canopy Ants in Removing Ficus perforata Seeds from Howler Monkey (Alouatta palliata mexicana) Feces at Los Tuxtlas, México

Rodolfo Martínez-Mota; Juan Carlos Serio-Silva; Víctor Rico-Gray

doi:10.1646/03155

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Rodolfo Martínez-Mota,¹ Juan Carlos Serio-Silva,^1,* Víctor Rico-Gray¹

¹Departamento de Ecología Vegetal Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Km 2.5 Antigua carretera a Coatepec No.

^*Current address: Departamento de Ecología y Comportamiento Animal, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México

Abstract

We analyzed Ficus perforata seed removal by canopy ants under four treatments: syconia seeds; howler monkey-defecated washed seeds; syconia seeds with howler dung; and defecated seeds with howler dung. Ants removed more defecated washed seeds in the wet season, while during the dry season, removal was greater for syconia seeds and defecated washed seeds. Our results suggest that ants tended to remove more seeds when they were not embedded in feces; however, even seeds set on howler dung were still attractive to ants.

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Rodolfo Martínez-Mota, Juan Carlos Serio-Silva, and Víctor Rico-Gray "The Role of Canopy Ants in Removing Ficus perforata Seeds from Howler Monkey (Alouatta palliata mexicana) Feces at Los Tuxtlas, México," BIOTROPICA 36(3), 429-432, (1 September 2004). https://doi.org/10.1646/03155

Received: 11 September 2003; Accepted: 1 April 2004; Published: 1 September 2004

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ants

Canopy

defecated seeds

deposition sites

Ficus perforata

howler monkeys

Los Tuxtlas

seed removal

Tropical rain forest

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