Shifts in a species' habitat can be precipitated by co-occurring with a closely related, ecologically similar species, to avoid negative interspecific interactions. Such shifts in habitat may also cause a change in movement behavior in sympatric populations compared with allopatric populations. Anolis carolinensis lizards are known to shift their habitat to higher perches in the presence of Anolis sagrei, and we examine whether movement rates differ between populations of A. carolinensis that are allopatric and sympatric with recently arrived A. sagrei. We find an interaction between the effects of sex and the presence of A. sagrei on movement rates, indicating that males and females respond differently in their movement rates to the presence of a congener. We suggest that variation in the motivation for movement between the sexes may explain intraspecific relationships between movement and habitat.