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17 February 2021 Herbicide strategies for managing glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible kochia (Bassia scoparia) in spring wheat
Alysha T. Torbiak, Robert E. Blackshaw, Randall N. Brandt, Bill Hamman, Charles M. Geddes
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Kochia [Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott] is a summer annual tumbleweed that is tolerant of heat, drought, and salinity and capable of causing large yield losses in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Increased incidence of glyphosate- and acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor-resistant kochia in western Canada warrants investigation of alternative herbicides to manage these biotypes. Herbicides applied pre- or post-emergence in spring wheat were evaluated based on crop tolerance and control of ALS inhibitor-resistant kochia accessions with and without the glyphosate resistance trait in five environments near Lethbridge and Coalhurst, Alberta, from 2013 to 2015. The most effective and consistent treatments for kochia management included sulfentrazone applied pre-emergence and fluroxypyr/bromoxynil/2,4-D or pyrasulfotole/bromoxynil applied post-emergence. All of these treatments resulted in ≥90% visible control in all environments and ≥90% kochia biomass reduction compared with the untreated control in Lethbridge 2014 and 2015. MCPA/dichlorprop-p/mecoprop-p, dicamba/2,4-D/mecoprop-p, and dicamba/fluroxypyr resulted in acceptable control among environments (≥80% visible control in all environments and ≥80% kochia biomass reduction in Lethbridge 2014 and 2015); however, the latter two options caused unacceptable (>10%) wheat visible injury in Coalhurst 2014. Recent confirmations of auxinic herbicide-resistant kochia in western Canada—due, in part, to use of synthetic auxins to manage glyphosate-resistant kochia in small-grain cereals—will limit kochia management options. When implemented with non-chemical tools as part of an integrated weed management program, alternative herbicide modes of action like protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors before and photosystem II or 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitor(s) within spring wheat could mitigate selection for multiple herbicide-resistant kochia.

Copyright remains with authors Torbiak and Hamman, and © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food 2021.
Alysha T. Torbiak, Robert E. Blackshaw, Randall N. Brandt, Bill Hamman, and Charles M. Geddes "Herbicide strategies for managing glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible kochia (Bassia scoparia) in spring wheat," Canadian Journal of Plant Science 101(4), 607-621, (17 February 2021). https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2020-0303
Received: 20 November 2020; Accepted: 2 February 2021; Published: 17 February 2021
KEYWORDS
Bassia scoparia
Bassia scoparia
gestion des herbicides
Glyphosate resistance
Herbicide resistance
herbicide stewardship
Kochia scoparia
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