Residual herbicides can cause injury to a future crop. Residual herbicides applied to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] or winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) may impact cover crops seeded in the same growing season. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of residual herbicides on oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L.) establishment and growth after 10 postemergence (POST) broadleaf herbicides were applied in winter wheat and 12 preemergence (PRE) and 7 POST herbicides were applied in soybean. Oilseed radish injury was assessed 14 and 28 d after emergence (DAE) and stand density and biomass were measured 28 DAE. Residual herbicides used for broadleaf weed control in winter wheat caused less than 5% oilseed radish visible injury and there was no reduction in stand density and biomass. In soybean, imazethapyr applied PRE caused 43% and 48% oilseed radish injury at 14 and 28 DAE, respectively. There was no decrease in oilseed radish stand density and biomass. Imazethapyr applied POST to soybean caused 47% and 59% oilseed radish injury at 14 and 28 DAE, respectively, and decreased oilseed radish biomass by 65%. There was no decrease in oilseed radish stand density. The results from this study conclude that many of the herbicides commonly used in winter wheat and soybean in Ontario do not negatively impact oilseed radish establishment and growth.