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17 March 2016 Heavy metal concentration in soil in the tailing dam vicinity of an old gold mine in Johannesburg, South Africa
R.Y. Olobatoke, M. Mathuthu
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Abstract

Soil contamination with heavy metals is a serious concern to food production and human health. The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of tailings from an old mining site on heavy metal contamination of soil. Using a GPS to map out different sites around the tailing dam, soil samples were taken from under grassland at the different sites, at depths of 15 cm and 1 m, using a shovel and handheld auger. The samples were prepared, acid digested, and analyzed for a multi-element suite by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Results showed heavy metal concentration in the order of Cr > Zn > As > Mn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Sr > Hg. Most of the soil samples contained high concentration of As (13.46-234.6 mg kg-1). Soil concentrations of As, Hg, Cr, and Mn also decreased with distance from the dump material. Single contamination index of each pollutant, calculated according to the South African Soil Quality Standards revealed very high and medium pollution grades for As (index = 7.39) and Cr (index = 2.16), respectively. Arsenic is a metal associated with gold ore and soil pollution by such metals can make it infertile and unsuitable for plants.

Copyright remains with the author(s) or their institution(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
R.Y. Olobatoke and M. Mathuthu "Heavy metal concentration in soil in the tailing dam vicinity of an old gold mine in Johannesburg, South Africa," Canadian Journal of Soil Science 96(3), 299-304, (17 March 2016). https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2015-0081
Received: 7 August 2015; Accepted: 1 January 2016; Published: 17 March 2016
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KEYWORDS
Arsenic
Arsenic
contamination
contamination
exploitation minière
heavy metals
métaux lourds
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