Context. The yield and quality of Leymus chinensis, a major forage resource with high nutritional value, is strongly affected by chemical fertiliser application.

Aims. Comprehensive estimation of the effects of different fertilisation practices on the yield and quality of L. chinensis.

Methods. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis using 206 valid datasets extracted from 10 studies on L. chinensis growth responses to chemical fertilisation in China.

Key results. Yield increases resulting from fertilisation were higher on alkaline soil with a pH >7.0 and aeolian soil with a coarse texture. Forage yield and quality were also associated with the fertiliser combinations and the fertiliser types. Compared with no fertiliser treatment, the yield increase was higher under NP (NPK) fertiliser application (74.7%; P < 0.05) than N or P fertiliser alone. Application of NP (NPK) fertiliser significantly increased the crude protein content, while N fertiliser reduced the crude fiber content and increased the crude fat content. Moreover, the combined application of macro-and micronutrient fertilisers resulted in a substantial increase in yield and quality. The optimal benefits of fertilisation were achieved in aeolian soil with a pH of 7.9–9.5.

Conclusions. Reasonable selection of fertilisers should therefore, be implemented to ensure high-yielding, high-quality L. chinensis based on local soil conditions in different regions.

Implications. The results of this study provide essential information for the formulation of reasonable fertilisation regimes and sustainable production of L. chinensis.