155 bryophytes are reported from Frakto Forest, Greece, parts of which consist of old-growth mixed forest with spruce (Picea abies), fir (Abies borisii-regis) and beech (Fagus sylvatica). Many of the species recorded extend into the boreal zone in Europe, and are rare or unknown elsewhere in Greece. Three species, Syzygiella autumnalis, Ulota crispa and Ulota crispula are new to Greece, and there are second or confirmed records for Dicranella subulata, Lewinskya breviseta, Mnium lycopodioides, Seligeria recurvata and Solenostoma obovatum. Attention is drawn to a distinctive forest form of Ctenidium molluscum occurring on non-calcareous substrates.

The liverwort Plagiochila lamyana Gradst. & D.P.Costa sp. nov. is described from Mount Roraima National Park, Brazil. The new species is a member of P. sect. adianthoideae and differs from other species in this group by the narrowly elongate leaves with a bifid apex and subentire margins, large radiating trigones and opposite male bracteoles not overlapping. The new species is a further addition to the rich endemic flora of the Guayana Highland.

An inclusion in Miocene Dominican amber is described as Cheilolejeunea lamyi, sp. nov. The fossil resembles the extant Cheilolejeunea rigidula but differs in the partly subacute leaf lobes, often apiculate underleaf lobes, and the slightly more acute lobes of the bracteole. The two other Cheilolejeunea species in Dominican amber, Cheilolejeunea antiqua and C. suzannensis, have entire rather than bifid underleaves.

The short-lived thallose liverwort Riccia lamellosa (Ricciaceae) is first recorded for Azerbaijan, hence bridging the distribution gap between the Russian Caucasus, Iran and Iraq. Its site conditions in the semi-desert landscape of Qobustan south of Bakı are reported and illustrated. An updated list of Riccia species of the Caucasus ecoregion is provided.

Examination of previously unstudied liverwort collections made by R.M. Schuster during 1962 and 1967 was undertaken. We report 13 new records for the Fiji Islands including Cheilolejeunea xanthocarpa, Cololejeunea appressa, Cololejeunea floccosa, Cololejeunea koponenii, Cololejeunea magnilobula, Cololejeunea subtriapiculata, Drepanolejeunea pentadactyla Heteroscyphus splendens, Lopholejeunea wiltensii Mastigolejeunea indica, Schiffneriolejeunea pulopenangensis and Schiffneriolejeunea tumida var. haskarliana Range extensions for eight additional species were reported, which were previously known only from one locality in the islands prior to the current investigation. New morphologic features of Cololejeunea bifalcata, Cololejeunea tuiwawana Pócs and Phaeolejeunea amicorum were also observed. One species, Cheilolejeunea occlusa was collected by Schuster in Western Samoa, which is a new record to the South Pacific.

In this paper the moss novelties recorded for some Mediterranean islands are presented: two new records for Sicily (Ptychostomum cernuum and Physcomitrium eurystomum), one new record for Ischia in the Neapolitan archipelago (Campylopus brevipilus), one new record for Crete (Trichodon cylindricus) and three new records for Cyprus (Myurella julacea, Syntrichia subpapillosissima and Grimmia anodon). The occurrence of schistidium atrofuscum in Cyprus is confirmed. Notes on habitat, Mediterranean distribution and conservation are provided for each species; some morphological remarks on the Cyprus specimens of Myurella julacea and Syntrichia subpapillosissima are given too.

Buxbaumia viridis is a bryophyte whose gametophyte is highly reduced, while its sporophyte is relatively large, present all year round in its different phenological stages. In the Pyrenees, where the species is present in humid forests, especially pure Abies alba or mixed A. alba and Fagus sylvatica forests, the sporophytes mature in spring, losing their winter green colour. Herbivory has been detected on young capsules in spring. Observed damages are mainly of two types: cut setae, where capsule is completely lost and whose responsible organism has not been identified; and more frequently, torn capsules where sporal mass is partly gone, sometimes only part of the theca at the base of the capsule remains. The responsible organisms in the second type are young slugs (genus Arion), what have been observed in situ twice. The animal tears the capsule and scrapes with its radula the sporal mass from the inside. Between 1999 and 2014, we visited 40 localities with Buxbaumia viridis populations, located in Navarra and Huesca on the southern versant of the Pyrenees, and Pyrénées-Atlantiques and Hautes-Pyrénées on the northern versant, aiming to estimate the number of individuals. Grazing on B. viridis capsules has been detected in 28 of these localities (70%), proving that this consumption is not accidental. Regarding the grazing rate, 10 localities showed consumption less than 20% of the total sporophyte number, 14 a consumption ranging from 21 to 59%, and finally, 4 were over 60% of grazed sporophytes. This sporophyte consumption is so high that it might have an important incidence on the species conservation.

A revision of the nomenclatural and taxonomical data related to Ceratodon conicus (Hampe ex Müll. Hal.) Lindb. and its synonyms published by Burley & Pritchard (1990) was carried out. The lectotype designated from material filed in GOET was confirmed, but the material from duplicates of lectotype specimens filed in FH, GOET, and MANH was found not corresponding with the protologue of the species. In addition, the types of three synonyms of Ceratodon conicus, C. cedricola J.J Amann from Z ZT, C. dimorphus H. Philib. from BM, and C. purpureus var. graefii Limpr. from BR, designated as holotypes by Burley & Pritchard, are here designated as lectotypes as no unequivocal original specimen exists in any case. Finally, Ceratodon purpureus var. graefii is better considered to be a synonym of C. purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. sensu lato, as its morphological characteristics match the description of this species and not that of C. conicus.

Hornworts are the least species-rich bryophyte lineage, but represent a key group to understand the evolution of plants because, together with the remaining bryophyte lineages (mosses and liverworts), they constitute the earliest diverging land plants. The responses of hornworts to ultraviolet (UV) radiation are unknown, but they may be important to infer how primitive hornworts (and bryophytes in general) coped with UV upon land colonization. In this context, our aim was to show the first data on the effects of UV radiation on the accumulation patterns of phenolic UV-absorbing compounds (UVACs) in the emerging model hornwort Anthoceros agrestis. Thalli of 52 days age were exposed to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) alone (P regime) and to a combination of PAR UV-A UV-B radiation (PAB regime) for 21 days, using realistic UV doses (equivalent to the natural ambient doses received in summer at mid-latitudes). At the end of the culture period, we measured the bulk levels and individual contents of phenolic UV-absorbing compounds (UVACs), differentiating in both cases the UVACs located in the methanol-soluble (mainly vacuolar) and -insoluble (cell wall-bound) fractions (SUVACs and IUVACs, respectively). Three soluble and one insoluble compounds were identified, among which the soluble rosmarinic and anthocerotonic acids are not present in any other bryophyte lineage. The bulk levels of SUVACs were higher than those of IUVACs, a physiological trait more typical of liverworts than of mosses. None of the variables measured responded significantly to UV exposure, but all of them showed an increasing trend under the PAB regime. Given that UV responsiveness of phenolic compounds depends on the UV levels used and the thallus age (with decreasing responsiveness as age increases), further research using higher UV levels and younger thalli should be conducted to more reliably establish the UV reactiveness of Anthoceros agrestis.

La découverte d'Oreoweisia torquescens (Hornsch. ex Brid.) Wijk & Margad., de Polytrichum pallidisetum Funck, de Scapania apiculata Spruce et de Scopelophila ligulata (Spruce) Spruce dans le massif de la Vanoise est présentée. Celle d'Oreoweisia torquescens confirme sa présence en France. Les affinités écologiques et les nouvelles localités sont brièvement décrites. Leurs répartitions sont discutées.

Riccia sommieri Levier is reported for the first time in Corsica, France. The ecology of the species in Corsica is described. Several morphological characters are deeply examined and critically evaluated based on the analysis of the material collected in the new Corsican localities and 24 additional herbarium specimens from various origins. As a result, ventral strips called “bandelettes” in Jovet-Ast's publications are referred to remnants of ventral scales. The hypodermis of Riccia sommieri is unique in the genus Riccia. This might support a phylogenetically and taxonomically isolated position of the species.

The genus Acromastigum is well represented in New Caledonia with 15 species and varieties known to date. We report, describe and illustrate here a new species from this French Overseas Territory. It is characterized by 1) transversely inserted, longitudinally plicate in a right angle, asymmetrical leaves, the dorsal leaf lobes being smaller than the ventral ones, 2) leaf cells thick-walled with inconspicuous trigones, 3) asymmetrical trifid underleaves and 4) stems with seven ranks of enlarged thick-walled cortical cells and five of thin-walled medullary cells. We discuss its belonging to the section Subcomplicata of the genus and provide the main distinctive features in relation to locally known species.

Additional samples of Didymodon erosus and D. sicculus, barcoded using ITS sequences, necessitated the broadening of the morphological concepts and the reported ecology of these taxa, both of which were revealed to have considerable overlap. Additional molecular data from the chloroplast genome confirmed the earlier published phylogenetic inference based on the nuclear ITS, which groups Didymodon tophaceus, Didymodon erosus and D. sicculus into a highly supported lineage of closely related taxa. In view of the morphological overlap among taxa of the D. tophaceus complex, supported by the ITS nonmonophyly of D. tophaceus in its current morphological concept, we advocate the reduction of D. erosus and D. sicculus to infraspecific rank within D. tophaceus. Sporophytes are described for the first time in D. erosus, and new country records for the latter two taxa are reported.

A new species, Lewinskya lamyana F.Lara, Garilleti, Draper & Mazimpaka, is described. It is a mainly epiphytic moss, so far exclusively found in southernmost Spain on the summit area of Sierra Bermeja, a coastal mountain, which is exceptional in several environmental aspects. The new moss is characterized by a set of morphological traits, most of them easily observed: medium to large plants; leaves lanceolate and acuminate with recurved margins; calyptra campanulate with scattered stout hairs; capsule fully immersed, brown, cylindrical, with 8 broad and prominent ribs; exostome of 8 pairs of teeth easily splitting, all fused basally in a continuous low ring; teeth opaque, cream-coloured, recurved to revolute when dry; endostome of 8 hyaline, linear and relatively stout segments; operculum convex to conic, wider than capsule mouth, long rostrate, with a conspicuous red basal rim. The new moss is illustrated and compared to similar taxa.

Reproduction is one of the most important and expensive processes in the life history of plants. The cost commonly incurred by reproductive investment in plants with separate sexes may result in sexual dimorphism. Among bryophytes, sexual dimorphism has been observed in some sex-expressing dioicous species and in some sex-expressing monoicous species with a rhizautoicous sexual system. In the present study, we have investigated sexual dimorphism in morphological features and relative reproductive investments in sporophytic female, non-sporophytic female, sex-expressing male and non-expressing ramets in a population of the rhizautoicous Fissidens flaccidus. Morphometric analyses confirmed sexual dimorphism; gemmiform male ramets were smaller than the other ramet morphs, and exhibited greater sexual investment. Sexual reproductive investment was approximately 35% in males, 13% in non-sporophytic females and 25% in sporophytic females. Our results indicate trade-offs between reproductive investment and vegetative growth for both sexes in this species.

Campylopus introflexus, listed as one of the 100 worst alien taxa in Europe, is an example of a recent introduction in this region. It became an invasive species in Portugal only twenty years ago, but is now known from more than 200 localities, where it occupies extensive areas and numerous microhabitats.

Several studies have highlighted the methodological deficiencies for understanding the expansion of Campylopus introflexus, and some have already explored the reproductive strategies, hybridization processes and abiotic factors (geological and climatic parameters) influencing this species' ability to invade native species' habitats. In the present work, we specifically focused on the spatial patterns of its invasion in mainland Portugal, which can be linked to human-related parameters that reflect land occupation, management or abandonment. Specifically, we have studied the link between all distribution records (presence and absence data) known for this species in Portugal until 2016, and parameters expressing human presence or pressure.

Our findings show that the highest occurrence of this invader corresponds to areas with higher levels of human population density and in oceanic areas where land management is dominated by non-native tree-plantations. Conversely, C. introflexus expansion is hindered by dryland farming or agricultural practices that rely on fire which, consequently, promote natural or human-induced aridity and/or result in increasingly arid landscapes.

Vitalianthus R.M.Schust. & Giancotti (Lejeuneaceae), previously known only from the Neotropics and Southwestern China, is a small genus with three species. A fourth species, Vitalianthus lamyii, is newly described based on collections made in lowland rainforests of Brunei Darussalam, Borneo. This is the first record of Vitalianthus from Sundaland. A key to species of Vitalianthus is provided.