Prosopis africana is a multipurpose tree of great economic value among the rural communities in the Guinea savanna of Nigeria. The fruit of the tree is used as feed for animals, while the seeds are fermented to make ukpehe, a highly proteinaceous condiment. The tree is not cultivated. The products from the hard wood, such as some wooden farm implements, kitchen utensils, and planks for construction, are extensively traded. The tree is a good source of firewood and charcoal. The secondary roots are used as medicine. Fully documented and discussed here are the various uses of some parts of the tree, including the stem, seeds, and roots.