Two new Stenohya species belonging to the family Neobisiidae are described from China: Stenohya hainanensis sp. n. from Hainan Island, and Stenohya setulosa sp. n. from the high mountains of Xizang (Tibet). Detailed diagnosis, descriptions and illustrations of the two new species are presented.

Mayflies are one of the most important orders of freshwater inhabiting insects and they are widely used in ecological studies. Mayfly ecology and distribution in the Mediterranean part of the Western Balkans are insufficiently investigated. Our study encompassed 9 sampling sites along the course of the Cetina River, the longest Mediterrranean river in Croatia, and 2 sites in the spring reach of its tributary, Ruda River. Mayflies were sampled monthly between August 2004 and August 2005. A total of 22 mayfly taxa were recorded, including 12 rare species. Due to the variety of available microhabitats and suitable physico-chemical water properties (e.g. water temperature), the highest mayfly richness was recorded in the lower reaches of the river. We discuss distribution and ecology of collected species, particularly the most abundant species (e.g. Baetis rhodani (Pictet, 1843) and Serratella ignita (Poda, 1761)) and the rare species (e.g. Siphlonurus croaticus Ulmer, 1920). One of the rare species collected, Caenis beskidensis Sowa, 1973, has a central and western European distribution and was hitherto not recorded in the Dinaric Western Balkan ecoregion. Morphologically variable specimens from the Rhithrogena group semicolorata were collected, and variability of the most important morphological characters is presented here. In order to resolve the taxonomical status we sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (barcode region) of morphologically distinct specimens from the Cetina spring and another locality belonging to the Black Sea drainage (Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP). Uncorrected p-distances within and between populations enabled us to associate all specimens to Rhithrogena braaschi Jacob, 1974. Moreover, in contrast to high morphological variability observed in this species, we infer low genetic differentiation of the mtCOI fragment in this species in the Dinaric Western Balkans.

Dictenidia leigongshanensis sp. nov., is described and illustrated. It can be easily distinguished from the regional species by body colors. The new species represents the first record of Dictenidia from Guizhou Province, China.

Ecology and habits of the genus Paragavialidium are discussed. Paragavialidium islandium Zha and Wen sp. nov. is described and illustrated with photographs and compared with similar taxa. A taxonomic review of the genus Paragavialidium is provided and a key to total 12 species of Paragavialidium is given.

Sensilla on insect body parts play an important role on their behavior for ovipositing and foraging. To describe the morphology and distribution of sensilla on adults and larvae of C. megacephala, scanning electron miscroscopy was applied to give detailed information. There are five types of sensilla on antenna, three on the proboscis and ovipositor, two on the haltere and leg, and only one on the wing. All body parts bear microtrichia, except for the ovipositor. Mechanoreceptors are present in all body parts of adults. Sensilla on larvae are different from those on adults. Larval antenna is a dome shaped organ located in a cavity on the cephalic region. Four papillae distribute in the ventral organ, and five coeloconic sensilla and several basiconic sensilla are located on maxillary palp of larvae. Many basiconic sensilla are situated on the ventral depression close to posterior spiracular. This is the first overall observation about sensilla on the whole body of C. megacephala adults and larvae, which would have great significance to behavior, identification and evolution of the blow fly.

During our surveys of fruit-feeding Lepidoptera at the Mount Cameroon National Park and the Bimbia Bonadikombo Community Forest (both southwestern Cameroon) we recorded nineteen species of Erebidae moths not previously reported from Cameroon. Simultaneously, we provide the first records of genera Ametropalpis and Lacera from the country.