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16 July 2021 Multisite Seasonal Monitoring of Pecan Aphids and Their Parasitoid in Commercial Pecan Orchards
Eddie K. Slusher, William G. Hudson, Pamela L. Halliday, Angelita L. Acebes-Doria
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Abstract

Aphids are important pests of pecans in Georgia. Although previous studies conducted seasonal monitoring of pecan aphids, these studies were done at a single experimental site. In addition, only a few seasonal monitoring studies have tracked pecan aphid mummies parasitized by the aphid parasitoid, Aphelinus perpallidus Gahan. The objective of this study was to assess the seasonal phenology of yellow pecan aphid (Monelliopsis pecanis Bissell), blackmargined aphid [Monellia caryella (Fitch)], black pecan aphid [Melanocallis caryaefoliae (Davis)], aphid mummies, and adult A. perpallidus in four Georgia commercial orchards, with varying aphid management regimes, in 2019 and 2020. Comparison of overall aphid and parasitoid numbers between sites revealed few consistent annual patterns in both years. Aphid seasonal trends were consistent among sites and followed the patterns seen in previous studies, with the yellow aphid complex peaking in May, June, September, and October and black pecan aphids peaking in late September and October. Despite varying levels of insecticide application between sites, aphid phenology followed a similar seasonal pattern and remained low, throughout both growing seasons. This may indicate that growers can apply low frequencies of insecticides and still achieve pecan aphid control. Parasitism numbers were highest in the low insecticide frequency site compared with the other three sites. Mummies varied in their correlation with yellow aphid complex and black pecan aphid numbers. Parasitoid numbers typically followed the cycle of their host throughout the season.

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Eddie K. Slusher, William G. Hudson, Pamela L. Halliday, and Angelita L. Acebes-Doria "Multisite Seasonal Monitoring of Pecan Aphids and Their Parasitoid in Commercial Pecan Orchards," Environmental Entomology 50(5), 1045-1055, (16 July 2021). https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvab069
Received: 10 February 2021; Accepted: 16 June 2021; Published: 16 July 2021
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KEYWORDS
black pecan aphid
blackmargined aphid
parasitism
phenology
yellow pecan aphid
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