Hyalinobatrachium orientale has a complex taxonomic history suggesting that more than one species could be under this name. In this review, we try to clarify the current taxonomic status of this species by means of morphological, bioacoustic, and mitochondrial DNA sequence comparisons of specimens from Tobago Island and the Venezuelan Cordillera de la Costa (Oriental Sector, Cordillera del Litoral and Cordillera del Interior). Our data support the resurrection of Hyalinobatrachium orocostale, restricted to the Cordillera del Interior. Additionally, specimens from Cordillera del Litoral and Oriental Sector do not form a monophyletic group; hence, we define as Hyalinobatrachium sp. the populations from Cordillera del Litoral and H. orientale sensu stricto the populations from the Oriental Sector. Preliminary bioacoustic and morphological analyses indicate that the populations from Tobago are conspecific with Hyalinobatrachium orientale sensu stricto.