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28 January 2022 Cardiac Disease of Raptors
Seth C. Oster, Romain Pariaut
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Abstract

Cardiac disease, in its various presentations, is being recognized as a common raptor health problem. Evidence suggests that the prevalence of cardiac disease varies between captive and wild bird of prey populations, probably because of differences in activity levels and diet. However, a wide variety of cardiovascular diseases have been reported to affect raptor species (captive and free living), including atherosclerosis, pathogenic arrhythmias, infectious cardiomyopathies, and endocarditis. Diagnostic testing used to identify cardiac abnormalities include radiographic imaging, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, and computed tomography angiograms. Information pertaining to therapeutic treatment for raptor cardiac disease patients is inadequate or has not been investigated. This review of cardiac disease will provide current information regarding cardiac diseases that are diagnosed in birds of prey, diagnostic testing, and treatment options.

© 2021 by the Association of Avian Veterinarians
Seth C. Oster and Romain Pariaut "Cardiac Disease of Raptors," Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 35(4), 382-389, (28 January 2022). https://doi.org/10.1647/20-00029
Published: 28 January 2022
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