Chen, Z., 2020. Research on the integration mechanism and path of Internet + marine economy. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 1–4. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The rise of a world power is inseparable from the development of the marine economy. In the new era of Xi Jinping, China must vigorously promote the strategy of building a maritime power that will comprehensively enhance China's marine economy. With the rapid development of Internet + action plan as a part of the national strategy, Internet + marine economy will become a new development path that provides new ideas for the development of the marine economy. On the basis of the development of Internet + marine economy, this paper integrates with marine economy from the aspects of Internet big data analysis and Internet marketing, and proposes some implementation paths of fusion.

Zhang, X.; Zhu, F., and Li, Y., 2020. Marine resources accounting: A diversification of subject-based study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 5–8. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the gradual deepening of the sustainable development concept, blue economy has become the main voice, and requires more strict accounting of marine resources. Through the blue economy, we can better manage, develop, and use marine resources. However, marine resources are diverse. How to establish the accounting system, accounting principles, and calculation methods of marine resources has become an urgent problem, and will form the recognition, measurement, recording, and reporting standards of economic activities. This paper analyzes the main methods and processes of marine resources accounting, which is of great significance to the development of blue economy.

Zhou, P., 2020. Relationship between the industrial structure of marine economy and the development of macroeconomy: An exploratory study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 9–12. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid development of science and technology, the industrial structure will change, the result of the flow and allocation of production factors. For example, with the change and optimization of industrial structure, the macroeconomy of Canada will gradually grow; this has been tested and verified. In modern economy, industrial structure and economic structure reflect the development direction of national economy, which is also applicable to marine economic industry. Marine industrial structure is the proportion of marine industries, which is a relationship of mutual restriction. At present, the marine economy has been recognized by society, and has occupied an important supporting industry of coastal gross domestic product. With the continuous development and utilization of marine resources, the marine industrial structure will gradually change, and will affect the overall direction of marine macroeconomic development. On the basis of the data of marine economy, this paper studies the correlation between the change of marine industrial structure and marine economy and macroeconomy. This paper also studies the contribution rate of different industrial structures to marine economy and macroeconomy. Through the research, this paper can better determine the structural reform of China's marine supply side.

Wang, J.; Zhang, Q., and Li, Q., 2020. R&D investment and total factor productivity: An empirical study of the listed companies in the coastal regions of China. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 13–16. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Under the strategy of innovation-driven development, how to improve total factor productivity (TFP) through innovation is the key to promote high-quality economic development. This paper takes the Chinese coastal listed companies as research objects and studies the effect of research and development (R&D) investment on TFP. Research shows that R&D investment has a significant role in promoting TFP, and there is a U-curve relationship between them. Further research shows that the promotion effect of R&D investment on TFP will vary according to the nature of property rights, the degree of financing constraints, and the level of marketization. These provide empirical evidence for coastal listed companies to effectively promote TFP through R&D investment.

Pu, Y., 2020. Research on the system and method of marine economic accounting based on strategic financial accounting In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 17–20. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Through the establishment of a marine economic accounting system, we can grasp the pulse of marine economic operation in time, and realize the macrocontrol of the marine economy. Through the construction of a marine economic accounting system, we can make clear the accounting method, which will more accurately count the scale and structure of the marine economy. Through reasonable regulation and control, the local government can formulate reasonable marine industrial policies, which will improve the development of the marine regional economy. Marine economy is an important part of coastal economy, which will reflect the important economic growth points of coastal areas. Through the establishment of a marine economic accounting system, we can reflect the overall economic level of coastal areas, which will enhance the important role of the marine economy. This paper analyzes the foreign statistical accounting system of the marine economy. The accuracy of China's marine industry data is insufficient. By comparing the different results, we build our marine economic accounting system on the basis of strategic financial accounting.

Peng, F., 2020. Design of a strategic investment and financing mode for an emerging marine industry. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 21–24. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The strategic, emerging marine industry is a combination of China's strategic emerging industry and the marine economy, which is mainly led by high and new technology. Therefore, the characteristics of the strategic emerging marine industries determine that the development of this emerging industry requires capital investment and a perfect investment and financing mode. The marine strategic, emerging industry is a key component of China's rapid development, which is a key link to maintaining rapid economic development in coastal areas. The marine industry has a very important role in China's economic development strategy, which requires the study of marine strategic emerging industries. By promoting the development of the marine industry, China will develop and use marine resources more effectively. However, there are still many problems in the investment and financing mode for China's strategic, emerging marine industries, which are likely to cause a break in the capital chain of emerging industries. Therefore, this article first analyzes the investment and financing mode and main body of the strategic marine emerging industries. By combining the life cycle of emerging industries, this article has developed investment and financing models for different life cycles.

Yao, H., 2020. Marine human resources and the ability of innovation to develop the marine economy: A coupling and coordination-based study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 25–28. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

By analyzing the coupling and coordination of human resources, the role of innovation and talents can better be promoted to develop the marine economy. Through the establishment of an evaluation index system, a coupling-coordination model can be set up, which will better investigate the coupling coordination of marine human resources and marine innovation in the economic development of coastal areas. At present, China's marine human resources mainly include low-level workers, which causes a variety of problems, such as a lack of total talent, a structural imbalance, low density, and so on. With the rapid development of innovation in the marine economy, many problems are apparent, such as an imperfect service system, an uneven distribution of talents, and limited mobility. Therefore, the coupling of talent and economic development must be ensured, which will increase the rapid development of innovation in the marine economy. At the same time, by training and introducing high-end marine talent, the layout of the high-end marine human resources can be optimized, which will help establish an innovation in the marine economic ecosystem.

Wang, J.; Zhen, C.; Zhang, W., and Wen, F., 2020. Development strategy for the integration of marine culture and the tourism economy, with the Ultima Thule scenic spot in Sanya as an example. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 29–33. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

China has a long coastline, with a rich and colorful marine culture. However, the development vitality of marine scenic spots has long been limited by a traditional “ticket economy” business model. In the era of all-for-one tourism, it is urgent that the quality and competitiveness of scenic spots be improved through integration of the marine culture and the tourism economy. Under the background of national tourist development, promotion of the integration of culture and tourism is vigorously necessary to transform and upgrade the ticket economy. Based on the theory of value co-creation, this article used the Ultima Thule scenic spot in Sanya, China, as an example. Four suggestions are put forward: a strategy for digging deeply into Ultima Thule's cultural resources and increasing the integration of its culture and tourism, optimizing the types of cultural and travel business experiences and deepening the integration of culture and tourism, innovating the marketing methods for cultural travel and expanding the breadth of integration of culture and tourism, and building a joint construction and sharing mechanism to enhance the intensity of cultural and tourism integration. These strategies are of reference value for promoting the integration of the marine culture and tourist economy and breaking through the predicament of development for similar marine cultural scenic spots in China.

Zhang, C., 2020. Optimization of marine marketing-resource allocation considering a game theory–modified model. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 34–37. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Marine marketing is an important means to ensure the sustainable development of the marine industry. The key to carrying out marine marketing is the reasonable allocation of various resources. Based on game theory, this research established the optimal solution for a modified model of certainty game theory and then determined the optimal allocation of marketing resources in the marine market. The study first analyzed the theory of marine marketing resource allocation, then analyzed the model of marine marketing resource allocation, constructed a model of marine marketing resource allocation based on game theory modification, and finally, analyzed the empirical application of marine marketing resource allocation considering the game theory–modification model.

Wu, X.-H.; Wang, P.-Y., and Wu, Y.-N., 2020. Marine finance in China: Implications, development, and innovation. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 38–41. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The continual strengthening of global integration highlights the importance of marine finance. Therefore, strategic development goals need to be set up that will better promote the development of finance for the marine economy. Enhancing China's comprehensive strength will enhance its position in the world, which requires attention on the strategic development of the marine economy. China is a semicoastal country with a vast continental area and rich marine resources, which are an important basis for the development of marine finance in China. Because of the continual strengthening of global integration, China must attach importance to the development of international marine finance, which will promote the innovation in marine economic development and in the overall economy. This article first analyzes the development of marine finance and strategic innovation in China's marine economy. Then, it analyzes many characteristics of modern ocean development. Finally, this article puts forward some feasible development strategies.

Liu, P. and Sun, J., 2020. Marketing strategy of marine resort: An exploratory study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 42–44. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

An ocean resort is a tourism cultural environment that stimulates the holiday consumption motivation of tourism consumers. By catering to the aesthetic concept of tourists, the marine resort sets unique characteristics according to its local culture and marine natural landscape, such as the business model integrating leisure and health preservation, spa, catering and entertainment, performances, and conference accommodations. The fast-food marine holiday culture is an integral part of the contemporary Chinese marine culture, which is a world-wide culture. Western countries have several natural, excellent harbors, and they continue to develop these perfect marine cultures, which makes their marine resorts a typical international representative. The essence of Chinese culture is the foundation of Chinese marine culture. By absorbing nutrients from the world's marine holiday culture, a modern Chinese marine culture is formed. Through the rich marketing theory of tourist attractions, this paper proposes a marketing mode of a marine resort, which can improve the overall competitiveness of the resort. By enriching the marketing mode, we can promote the stable development of enterprise sales, which provides ideas for the marketing programs of other marine scenic spots.

Tang, J. and Fu, Y., 2020. Analysis and research on financial competitiveness of listed companies in offshore engineering manufacturing. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 45–48. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In recent years, with the implementation of the national ocean development strategy, China's offshore engineering equipment manufacturing enterprises have achieved rapid development, but compared with developed countries, China's listed enterprises in the offshore engineering equipment manufacturing industry still have many problems. This paper first introduces the theory of financial competitiveness, then discusses the definition and characteristics of the concept of the offshore engineering equipment manufacturing industry and constructs the financial risk evaluation model of listed enterprises of the offshore engineering equipment manufacturing industry. Finally, this paper proposes that listed enterprises of offshore engineering equipment manufacturing should broaden financing channels, enhance capital strength, increase cash flow, improve risk prevention, improve management level, and enhance development ability.

Su, T., 2020. Research on the change of marine industrial structure in marine economic zone to marine economic growth. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 49–52. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the implementation of marine strategy, the development of marine industry in China has risen to a higher level. However, the evolution of China's marine industrial structure is still not stable and uneven, so it is of great significance to study the relationship between the changes of marine industrial structure and the growth of marine economy. This paper first introduces the contribution of the three marine industries to the marine economic growth and then analyzes the factors that affect the change of the marine industrial structure, as well as the impact of the change of the marine industrial structure on the economic growth. Finally, it studies the matching relationship between the change of the industrial structure and the economic growth.

Li, Y., 2020. Management model of the coordinated development of the coastal ecological environment and rural tourism economy. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 53–56. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The ecological environment plays an important role in the process of tourism economic development, and it belongs to the relationship of the unity of opposites, which promotes and restricts each other. With the increasing impact of people's activities, the ecological environment is deteriorating, especially in the coastal zone, which restricts the development of a tourism economy near the coastal zone. Based on this, this paper first introduces the coastal zone management model and the overall framework of the coastal zone management model, then analyzes the management of the coordinated development of the coastal zone ecological environment and rural tourism economy and the application of the coastal zone ecological environment management model in the development of rural tourism economy.

Guo, H.; Wu, D., and Du, Q., 2020. Study on strategic policy adjustment of international trade in maritime transport. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 57–60. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

At present, the core of China's international trade strategic policy can be summarized as follows. International trade policy with administrative orders, laws, and regulations as the core is forming the backbone of domestic and foreign trade regulation system. In the external economic regulation system, based on Bandung spirit, public products have become the core link of the current tariff policy, such as the “one belt and one road” initiative, free trade zone, and AIIB. This paper studies the adjustment strategy of China's international trade strategy and proposes some suggestions.

Xiao, Z., 2020. Relationship between financial innovation and marine economic growth: A VAR-based model. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 61–64. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper focuses on the relationship between marine-related loans and marine economic development. Using a VAR model, this paper proves the role of marine loans in promoting marine economic growth. Then, the approaches and schemes of banking institutions entering the marine economic and financial market are analyzed. There is a pull and significant causal relationship between marine loans and the marine economy, but this pull effect is relatively lagging. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to promote the cooperation between financial institutions and marine enterprises.

Sun, C., 2020. Contribution and efficiency of loan funds to the development of the marine economy: A DEA-based analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 65–68. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Through SPSS software, this paper analyzes the relationship between marine loans and the marine economy based on DEA and AHP. Results show that marine loans and other marine investments have a significant linear pulling effect on the marine economy. Therefore, the development of the marine economy can be effectively promoted by increasing marine loans.

Zhou, P. and Qu, T., 2020. Management of the marine economy: An ecological civilization perspective. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 69–72. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The 21st century is an era of scientific and technological progress. With the rapid development of science and technology, land resources are increasingly scarce. Marine resources have become an indispensable resource for growth, which has become the lifeblood of many economic powers, including the development of emerging strategic industries, expansion of living space, foreign trade channels, etc. Therefore, marine ecological civilization supports the development direction of human ecological civilization, which is an organic part of China's ecosystem. With the increasing proportion of marine economy in the gross domestic product, the marine economic management system needs to be improved, which will better serve the construction of ecological civilization. Through literature analysis and case study, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the current marine economic management in China. Based on the information age, this paper proposes the construction of a marine information management platform and marine economic management platform, which can better manage and coordinate China's marine management and development. Through the integration of a variety of detection methods, various marine information can be integrated, which can better support the integrated management of the marine economy. Through data collection, data analysis, information release, and other functions, the development of the marine economy can be recorded and evaluated.

Wu, J.; Qiao, Y.; Xu, Y.; Xiao, M., and Feng, H., 2020. Analysis and optimization of factors influencing marine tourism economic development of Beibu Gulf. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 73–76. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the steady growth of China's economy, people's living standards have improved. In 2018, there were 5.54 billion domestic tourists, an increase of 10.8% over 2017. Domestic tourism revenue reached 5127.8 billion yuan, an increase of 12.3%. Therefore, tourism has become the main way for people to relax and enjoy their surroundings. Beibu Gulf depends on marine tourism to develop its economy. Beibu Gulf Economic Zone is rich in marine tourism resources. Through integration with regional cultural characteristics, Beibu Gulf marine tourism has become the main pillar industry of local economic development. The planning of Beibu Gulf clearly indicates that Beibu Gulf needs to take advantage of its unique features based on tourism needs. By relying on China's excellent tourism cities, Beibu Gulf Economic Zone will become a regional and international tourism destination. This paper first analyzes the factors influencing Beibu Gulf marine tourism. Marine tourism is a huge grey system, which can be used to analyze the factors influencing economic development. This paper mainly analyzes the factors influencing the Beibu Gulf marine tourism economy, and then analyzes the data from the Beibu Gulf marine economy in 2004–17 through the grey correlation method.

Ma, S., 2020. Measurement and evaluation of economic benefits of marine industry: A grey correlation–based analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 77–80. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Through the method of grey correlation analysis, study analyzed the economic effect and development power of China's marine economy based on China's marine economic data, which mainly come from the China Marine Economic Statistics Bulletin of the Department of Marine Strategic Planning and Economy, Ministry of Natural Resources, and the State Council of CHYXX. This paper mainly studied the data of China's total marine economy, the growth of marine primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, and the marine-related labor population in 2008–18, and calculated the per capita marine gross domestic product (GDP) and the per capita national GDP. This paper obtained the proportion of marine GDP in the national GDP. Through the min-max method, this paper analyzed the relevant data through the grey correlation analysis method and drew the following conclusion. The proportion of China's marine economy in the national economy is relatively high, and the location entropy of the marine economy has been stable at a high level of more than 3.50.

Tang, Y. and Zhang, Y., 2020. Application of an ant colony algorithm in the optimization model for strategic adjustment of the marine industry based on complex marine conditions. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 81–84. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the implementation of a national marine strategy, marine industry has become a new economic growth point. The strategic adjustment and optimization of marine industry under complex marine conditions require the rational and dynamic scheduling of human resources, capital, and other resources. Based on this, this paper introduces an improved ant colony algorithm to process resources as heuristic information in the algorithm, so as to achieve scientific strategic adjustment and optimization of marine industry. This paper first introduces the theoretical basis of strategic adjustment of marine industry, then analyzes the qualitative selection model for strategic adjustment optimization of marine industry, and finally presents the application of the ant colony algorithm in the optimization model for strategic adjustment of marine industry.

Kang, G., 2020. Research on marine economy under a super-network structure. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 85–88. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

There are many similarities between the supernetwork structure (SNS) proposed by the United States and the Internet + Architecture proposed by China, which promotes the close cooperation and industrial division between economic entities. At the same time, the SNS can promote the close networking of data flow, capital flow, talent flow, and logistics, based on the concept of an enterprise Internet-of-things collaboration. The SNS focuses more on the field of engineering technology, while Internet + Architecture pays more attention to the field of social engineering. In this paper, the hierarchical structure of SNS is analyzed in detail. By studying the cooperation and divisions between different levels, the core similarities between SNS and Internet + Architecture are found.

Lin, X. and Chen, C., 2020. Research on coupled model of the marine energy-economic-environment system. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 89–92. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the implementation of the marine strategy in China and around the world, the development and utilization of the world's oceans have been greatly increased. However, there are contradictions and pressures between exploitation of resources and protection of the environment in the development of the marine economy. Based on the coupling among marine resources, environment, and economy, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for coupling utilization of marine resources, protection of the environment, and development of the marine economy and explores the coupling and coordination relationships among the three. In the structure of the marine energy-economic-environment system, if the economic subsystem develops too fast, it will cause the a loss of energy and damage to the ecological environment. Based on the perspective of coupled development, the study of the degree of coordination within the marine energy-economic-environment system is conducive to the development and utilization of marine energy while protecting the marine environment and promoting the scientific, reasonable, and healthy development of the marine economy. This paper first introduces research into the marine energy-economic-environment system and then constructs a coupled model of the marine energy-economic-environment system based on big data, which can mine the value behind the data quickly, accurately, and effectively by using big data technology.

Qin, H., 2020. Development of Hainan marine travel tourism sphere model: A global perspective. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 93–96. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to analyze the role of global tourism in promoting the development of marine travel tourism in Hainan, this paper puts forward a strategy for the construction and development of a Hainan marine travel tourism sphere model from the perspective of global tourism. By promoting the development of the Hainan marine travel tourism sphere from the perspective of global tourism, and allocating the limited resources to the production of products and services from the perspective of global tourism, the best economic benefits can be achieved to meet the needs of different social groups for marine travel tourism. Finally, the feasibility and validity of the proposed global tourism horizon to promote the Hainan marine travel tourism sphere are verified by experiments.

Wei, Y., 2020. Factors influencing maritime transport of fruit exports to Thailand. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 97–100. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the full launch of the China-Thailand free trade area, China's fruit export to Thailand has ushered in unprecedented opportunities. If China wants to make a significant breakthrough in Thailand's fruit product trade, it needs to improve the competitiveness of fruit products. The scale of fruit planting in China is second only to that of food and vegetables. However, China's fruit industry lacks competitive advantage in the Thai market, which will lead to a fruit production surplus. With the long-term downturn of export prices for China's fruit export, China's fruit export volume has been at a low level, occupying a small proportion of exports. With the improvement of Thailand's opening to the outside world, China's fruit export trade to Thailand has also developed rapidly. From the perspective of fruit export volume, Thailand is an important market for fruit export in Southeast Asia. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the impact of Thailand on China's trade in the export of fruits by sea.

Li, D. and Yu, Y., 2020. Analysis and optimization of influencing factors of Zhuhai marine tourism economic development. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 101–104. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

An important part of the marine economy of Zhuhai, China, is the marine tourism industry, not only the development trend, but also how it affects the development of the whole city's marine economy. Although Zhuhai has rich marine tourism resources, the level and quality of its tourism industry, mining, and development still need to be improved. On this basis, it is necessary to analyze and optimize the influencing factors of marine tourism economic development in Zhuhai. This study investigates the significance of the development of marine tourism in Zhuhai, analyzes the grey system model of the economic development of marine tourism, and creates a quantitative analysis and optimization of the influencing factors of the economic development of marine tourism in Zhuhai.

Zhao, P. and Lv, J., 2020. An empirical study on the development of marine sports tourism in northern China. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 105–108. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As a new sunrise industry, marine sports is deeply loved by sports tourists, with its unique participation and experience. China's rich regional resources provide a solid foundation for the development of marine sports tourism. On the basis of cost theory, this study analyzes homogenization, the low end, vulgarization, and destructiveness of the development of marine sports tourism and puts forward its characteristic development in the north of China: innovation in the tourism development mode and products by extending the chain operation of related industries. Additionally, tourism management and the high-end tourism quality system should be further improved. Finally, sports tourism resources should be developed scientifically, marine protection strengthened, and the scientific and sustainable development of the system industry promoted.

Guo, J., 2020. Credit risk management and control in a maritime supply chain trade network. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 109–112. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Maritime transport is the link of international trade. In recent years, China's international trade volume has increased dramatically, and its marine transportation business has expanded rapidly. Its supply chain risk control system should also be upgraded to meet the market demand. This study finds that contract performance ability is the biggest source of risk. Through the comprehensive suggestions put forward in this paper, the risk rate of supply chain can be effectively controlled through property insurance, credit derivatives, and a reasonable project packaging scheme. At the same time, this paper suggests that the marine transportation supply chain should get rid of the limitation of the purchase contract and launch the supply chain products for retail to advantageous customers, which can reduce the comprehensive risk of the supply chain to a greater extent.

Qin, T.; Zhang, Y.; Fan, X., and Chen, X., 2020. Port new zone and port logistics construction under development of a marine economy. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 113–116. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The ocean accounts for about 71% of the earth's area, which has significant available resources. Therefore, the marine mining economy will one way to alleviate the crisis of human survival. Generally speaking, developed countries are marine economic powers, such as the United States and Europe. At present, economically developed cities and industrial clusters are distributed along the coastline of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Therefore, China must strengthen its important strategy of developing its marine economy. Through the establishment of new areas as a pilot, China can set up coastal cities as an important carrier for development of the marine economy, which is an important measure in line with the national development strategy. Through the establishment of new port areas, China has promoted the development of industrialization and can optimize and upgrade the construction of port logistics, which improves the quality of urban development in China and is an effective choice for Chinese coastal cities to develop a regional economy to tap the marine economy. Therefore, the construction of new port areas and the development of port logistics are important carriers, and the construction of port new zones and port logistics is of great significance, which emphasizes the importance of personnel training, internal and external balance, and environmental protection.

Gao, C. and Sun, H., 2020. Strategic transformation of human resource management model of ocean engineering: An exploratory study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 117–120. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the implementation of China's marine strategy, more and more attention has been paid to the use and development of the ocean, and more and more marine engineering projects have been carried out. However, the gap between China's ocean engineering and that of developed countries is still big. These gaps are not only reflected in the engineering technology, but also in the management of ocean engineering personnel. On the one hand, the existing human resource management model of marine engineering in China could not well meet the increasingly urgent needs of marine resource development, and changing the model and carrying out the strategic transformation is urgent. On the other hand, the rapid development of higher education in China in recent years is inseparable from efficient performance management. The mode of performance management in universities is the value orientation of promoting efficiency with fairness and promoting development with standardization. By using performance management in the daily management activities of universities, the development strategy is established and has the characteristics of academic, human nature, complexity, and effectiveness. Therefore, it is of great practical significance for the healthy and sustainable development of ocean engineering in China to establish the human resource management model of ocean engineering based on the performance management model of universities. Accordingly, this paper first expounds the necessity and urgency of the transformation of the human resource management mode of marine engineering in China and then analyzes the current situation. The essential characteristics and value orientation of performance management in universities is also analyzed. Finally, this paper discusses the feasibility of establishing the human resource management model of ocean engineering based on the performance management model in universities, so as to establish an innovative model suitable for the actual needs in China.

Liefu, A., 2020. An analysis of the dynamic relationship between the Maritime Silk Road and the economic growth of China's import and export trade. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 121–125. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The degree of economic growth of import and export trade is the key factor in evaluating the development of the Maritime Silk Road. To further analyze the dynamic relationship between the Maritime Silk Road and the economic growth of China's import and export trade, this paper builds the spatial econometric model, judges the relationship of the analysis error with the spatial external effect model, and carries out lag regulation. The countries along the Maritime Silk Road are roughly divided into Gulf, South Asia, and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. To begin, it is necessary to build a preliminary linear regression equation for the economic growth of import and export of countries along the Maritime Silk Road and China. Taking the output value of import and export, the total amount of investment in the infrastructure, and gross domestic product as the analysis indicators, this study explores the dynamic relationship between the Maritime Silk Road and the economic growth of China's import and export trade and tests the validity of the analysis model through empirical testing. The results show that in different periods and with different policies, the relationship between the Maritime Silk Road and the economic growth of China's import and export trade will change accordingly. At the same time, the participation of different indicators will affect the change range.

Lei, X., 2020. The relationship between cross-border e-commerce along the Maritime Silk Road Economic Belt and manufacturing: A study of the threshold effect of logistics. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 126–130. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

General Secretary of China Xi Jinping proposed a major initiative to jointly build the “21st Century Maritime Silk Road” in 2013, so China's trade exchanges with countries along the Maritime Silk Road Economic Belt have entered an important period of strategic opportunities. Through the panel data threshold effect regression model method, the differences in spillover effects of cross-border e-commerce on the development of the manufacturing industry in the Maritime Silk Road Economic Belt are analyzed under different logistics levels. The conclusion is that the cross-border e-commerce of the Maritime Silk Road Economic Belt in the eastern part of China promotes development of the manufacturing industry, and the expansion of the manufacturing market has led to a win-win situation for the further development of cross-border e-commerce, mainly because of the superior logistics infrastructure in the region. However, in the central and western region, because of the limitation of logistics development, the cross-border e-commerce of the Maritime Silk Road Economic Belt directly leads to the weakening of the mutual promotion of cross-border e-commerce and manufacturing, thus hindering cross-border e-commerce to promote the development of manufacturing.

Wang, Y., 2020. An empirical study of the industrial structure adjustment of the marine economy. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 131–136. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The marine economy and scientific research are the new driving forces for long-term, sound development of the social economy in China. It is of vital importance for the development of China's marine economy to determine the direction of adjustment for the industrial structure of the marine economy. Three indexes are constructed in this study from the three dimensions of the adjustment range, rationalization, and upgrading of the industrial structure. The speed and quality of the industrial structure adjustment of China's marine economy since 2001 have been measured by taking the China Statistical Yearbook and Marine Industry Report of China as original data sources. The results show that the adjustment range of the industrial structure of China's marine economy fluctuated significantly. The fluctuations of the growth range have narrowed since 2010. The tertiary industry of the marine economy grew relatively fast, whereas the growth speed of the primary industry was the slowest. In terms of adjustment rationalization and upgrading, adjustment of the industrial structure of China's marine economy has gradually entered the orderly stage from the disorderly stage, and the marine economy has gradually moved into the intensive management stage from the extensive management stage.

Xu, N. and Lu, Y., 2020. Trade potential measurement model of the major countries along the maritime silk road economic belt. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 137–141. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

To deeply analyze the trade flow data, trade potential, and trade characteristics of the major countries along the maritime silk road economic belt, this research built on a method to measure and analyze the trade potential of the major countries on the gravity model of foreign trade. The trade level of the countries along the maritime silk road is analyzed, and the trade potential of the major countries along the maritime silk road was measured from the static and dynamic perspectives under the framework of the foreign trade gravity model. The results showed that the level of trade among the major countries along the maritime silk road is uneven. At the same time, the measurement model under the foreign trade gravity model accords with the individual fixed effect. It shows that this method can be used to measure and analyze the trade potential of major countries along the maritime silk road economic belt. On this basis, the potential areas were explored. The results show that the trade gap among countries is increasing, and the trade status is unbalanced.

Jin, J.; Li, F.; Zhang, N.; Chuan, M.; Cai, J.; He, L., and Luo, Y., 2020. The effect of subprime crisis on the financial factor input and economic development of China's largest coastal city, Shanghai, based on an analysis of total growth and efficiency. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 142–147. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Shanghai, as the largest coastal city in China, is growing rapidly in both its economy and its financial market. Using the exogenous shock of the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis as a test case, this research empirically applied a cointegration test and a vector autoregression (VAR) model to test the relationship between financial factors and Shanghai's regional economic development. The results indicate that the contribution of financial factors to Shanghai's regional economic growth has declined significantly because of the influence of the subprime mortgage crisis, and the contribution of financial factors to the growth of Shanghai's gross domestic product (GDP) is also weak. This work makes certain corresponding policy suggestions. First, the pace of financial innovation and the optimization of Shanghai's financial market system should be accelerated. Second, Shanghai's local government intervene appropriately at the right times. Third, efforts should be made to improve the efficiency of financial inputs. Finally, Shanghai should improve its ability to withstand external risk shocks.

Du, Q.; Zhou, Y., and Cao, G., 2020. Evolutionary game analysis of maritime enterprise's cooperative behavior based on protocol penalty. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 148–151. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In the cooperative behavior of a maritime enterprise, the establishment of a long-term cooperative partnership between service integrator and service provider helps to reduce trust cost and gain long-term benefits, but to pursue personal gains, service providers are not excluded from taking opportunistic actions and undermining long-term cooperation. Therefore, the service integrator needs to adopt certain management measures to restrain the opportunistic behavior of service providers. This study uses evolutionary game theory to build a model, taking one service integrator and two service providers as research objects, and analyzes the path of its evolutionary game. The results show that the service integrator needs to adopt incentives, rewards, and punishments so that all parties can achieve better service value through cooperation.

Huo, X.; Zhao, L., and Li, J, 2020. Evaluation of marine economy influence factors: A top-level factor analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 152–156. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the prominent contradiction between man and land and the lack of land resources, people gradually turn their attention to the ocean, which has become an important strategic point for human beings to achieve sustainable development. The development of the ocean has gradually caused various problems, such as the depletion of marine resources, the shortage of marine technology progress, the irrationality of marine structures, and the pollution of ecological environments. How to identify the important factors that affect the development of the marine economy has become an important means to promote the development of marine economy. Therefore, this article identifies the top-level factors that affect the development of the marine economy by building an analytical system structure model and then concludes that technological innovation is the top-level factor. Then, this study used the vector autoregressive model to analyze the impact of top-level factors on the development of the marine economy and concludes that the impact of technological innovation on the development of the marine economy is a medium- and long-term positive impact.

Tan, L.; Wu, C., and Qu, Y., 2020. Measuring the international trade competitiveness of China's aquatic products from 2008–18. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 157–160. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Since the 1990s, China's trade in aquatic products has accelerated, with an average annual growth rate of more than 20%. Although China is the biggest exporter and the third largest importer of aquatic products in the world, increasing aquaculture costs, falling market demand, and rising international trade barriers pose great challenges to the sustainable development of trade in China's aquatic products, especially after the financial crisis of 2008. This paper analyzes the international trade competitiveness of China's aquatic products from 2008 to 2018 through three indicators: the international market share index, the trade competitive advantage index, and the revealed comparative advantage index. It shows that China's export of aquatic products has been growing gradually since 2008, and its market share reached 15% in 2018. Compared with other important aquatic exporting countries, China's competitive advantage in aquatic products exports is only moderate. In the long run, to improve its competitive position in the world market, China must unswervingly pursue a high-quality development strategy to improve the supply capacity of high-quality and safe aquatic products.

Wu, C.; Tan, L.; Han, J., and Liu, Z., 2020. Analyzing the influencing factors of marine fishery market power by using the ISM model. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 161–165. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper analyzes the main factors that influence the marine fishery market power and establishes the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) model to obtain a five-layer staircase structure of these factors. This paper also analyzes the factors using MICMAC and draws conclusions. First, technological innovation is one of the ultimate risk factors, which should be considered as intervention factor and used to produce specific control strategy. Second, entry barriers, industrial support policies, and administrative monopoly systems are the most fundamental factors, which are strongly driven and weakly dependent but have a higher influence on other factors. Third, natural resources and sociometric resource factors have less influence on marine fishery market power.

Wang, X. and Qi, Y., 2020. The impact of institutional distance on innovation performance of OFDI Enterprises: Comparison of coastal and inland regions in China. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 166–170. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) has a certain impact on enterprises' innovation performance through the reverse technology spillover effect. However, China's OFDI is not unevenly distributed, and the OFDI of the coastal economically developed regions has the highest proportion. The large institutional distance between the home country and the host country also affects the effect of OFDI reverse technology spillover on enterprises' innovation performance. This paper uses the moderated multiple regression model to analyze the moderate effects of institutional distance on the relationship between OFDI reverse technology spillover and enterprises' innovation performance, using the data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies over the period of 2008–17. The results show that OFDI reverse technology spillover has a significantly positive effect on innovation performance and that the effect of coastal regions in China is stronger than that of inland regions; formal institutional distance (FID) and informal institutional distance negatively moderate the impact of reverse technology spillover on innovation performance of OFDI enterprises in inland regions, whereas the FID positively moderates the relationship between reverse technology spillover on innovation performance of OFDI enterprises in coastal regions.

Zhang, Y.; Chen, S., and Wang, S., 2020. Technology innovation and environmental mountains: An empirical study in China's inland river regions. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 171–176. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As the country's grand strategy, the rise of central China requires a certain industrial structure. To a large extent, the development of industry is the only way to achieve the rise of central China. However, the drastic increase in water pollution and air pollution that accompany the rapid development of the inland river region in the Chinese industry seems to be able to prove that industrial development is an important factor in causing environmental pollution. Is it possible for industrial development to co-exist with environmental protection? This paper empirically analyzes the impact of technological innovation and industrial development on environmental pollution in the inland river region in China from 2004 to 2016. The research results show that an inverted U-shaped of a nonlinear relationship occurs between the synergistic effect of industrial development and technological innovation and environmental pollution. Through the judgment of the development stage, the inland river region in China has now crossed the environmental mountains, and it is in the critical period of the integration of industrial development and environmental protection.

Pei, Y.; Li, D.; Xue, W.; Shi, C., and Wang, M., 2020. Cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial ability: An empirical study in East China coastal regions. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 177–181. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Innovative and entrepreneurial talents are the core force of economic development of coastal regions in China. We aim to determine whether universities with or without policy and financial support in East China coastal regions strengthen the cultivation of postgraduates' innovative and entrepreneurial ability. This paper constructs a dynamic evolutionary game model and discusses the stable state of both sides of the game. The results show that the university with policy and financial support adopts the nonblock strategy, and the university without policy and financial support adopts the strategy of strengthening the cultivation; and the strategy of combination of the nonblock strategy and the strategy of strengthening the cultivation of both sides of the game is conducive to the stable state of the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents for postgraduates of all universities. This paper provides the theoretical basis for strategy selection and policy formulation in universities in East China coastal regions.

Ma, T.; Li., X., Zhu, T., and Cao, C., 2020. Construction of outdoor sports tourism resource evaluation system for coastal regions. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 182–185. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Outdoor sports tourism resources in coastal regions are the foundation to develop industries related to sports and tourism in coastal regions. This study aimed to build a perfect outdoor sports tourism resource evaluation system for coastal regions. A resource investigation and an environmental survey were combined for the coastal regions, and optimal settings of various index factors were realized through the two target layers including internal cause of resources and external cause of environment via an analytic hierarchy process. An evaluation index framework covering four layers and 33 index factors was constructed, and the outdoor sports tourism resource evaluation system for coastal regions was established through weight assignment and check analysis. Hence, the normativity, universality, and practicability of outdoor sports tourism resource evaluation in coastal regions were enhanced, and development suggestions for outdoor sports tourism in coastal regions were proposed according to the weights of index factors.

Liu, Y.; Wang, W., and Duan, Y., 2020. Evaluation of corporate technology innovation efficiency: Evidence from coastal regions of China. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 186–190. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Coastal countries and regions worldwide tend to have better economic development and business performance because of their unique geographic advantages and favorable transportation conditions. Regarding corporate technology innovation efficiency in coastal regions, there is not sufficient in-depth research to offer theoretical and practical improvement measures. This study constructs an evaluation model of corporate technology innovation efficiency in coastal regions based on the DEA-Malmquist productivity index and take analyze China's coastal regions. This study shows a high level of corporate technology innovation efficiency in China's coastal regions, where enterprises tend to emphasize the balance between inputs and outputs to achieve economies of scale. The study suggests that enterprises should increase in-house research and development (R&D) and technology purchasing and asserts that an excessive amount of R&D cooperation will reduce corporate technology innovation efficiency.

Ma, L.; Li, Y.; Li, D.; Li, H.; Wang, Y., and Ren, C., 2020. Risk identification and decision making for P2P companies: An empirical study in the Bohai Coast regions. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 191–196. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper takes risk identification and risk profiling of new types of peer-to-peer (P2P) companies as the theme, efficiently integrates multidimensional variables, and builds a corporate risk identification model. On the basis of this model, it describes the risk profiling of P2P companies, thereby helping investors better identify corporate risks and reduce potential loss. This paper takes the data of 633 P2P platforms in the Bohai Coast regions extracted from the two authoritative websites of Wdzj and Tianyancha as examples, uses logistic regression models to analyze 16 variables in five dimensions, and draws the following conclusions: change log and platform transfer fees are significantly positively related to platform operating risks; platform background, platform management fees, and automatic bidding are significantly negatively related. Finally, it provides relevant recommendations on how investors choose a platform.

Liu, J., 2020. A grey theory-based economic prediction method of port and ocean engineering. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 197–200. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid development of science and technology, economic prediction has been applied to many fields of economic events, mainly to predict the development of law and future situations. Through scientific prediction, we can provide a rigorous scientific basis for economic activities. There are a variety of prediction methods and theories, such as grey theory, fuzzy prediction method, time series method, compound interest method, etc. With the rapid growth of China's economy, China's port and marine engineering has made great achievements and has become an indispensable economic growth point in China's national economy. Therefore, on the basis of the grey theory, this paper makes a grey model first-order one variable (GM [1,1]) model prediction of port and marine engineering economy, which mainly includes three aspects: gross ocean product, port cargo throughput, and container throughput in coastal areas. Through the GM (1,1) model, we can correctly understand and predict the throughput of the port. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions that can better carry out the economic development of port and marine engineering.

Kong, F., 2020. The impacts of the Maritime Silk Road on the marine tourism economy. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 201–204. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the implementation and promotion of China's Maritime Silk Road strategy, the marine tourism industry has become important in opening up and promoting cooperation, and it has created mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries and regions along the road. This paper first analyzes the significance of the Maritime Silk Road to the development of marine tourism, then studies an impact model of the Maritime Silk Road on the marine tourism economy, and finally gives suggestions on the development of marine tourism in the context of the Maritime Silk Road.

Wang, D., 2020. Risk management for oceanside hotel industry: The viewpoint of marine tourism. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 205–208. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid development of the marine tourism economy and the gradual rise of offshore, oceanfront, and oceanside hotels based on marine tourism projects, economic risks for hotels have become a research hotspot of hotel management. This paper first analyzes the risk identification for oceanside hotels based on ocean tourism projects and then studies the economic risk evaluation of oceanside hotels based on ocean tourism projects. Then, the economic risk management is analyzed, and finally the management mode of oceanside hotels is studied based on ocean tourism projects.

Han, D. and Fu, Y., 2020. Internet finance and marine industry transformation: An exploratory study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 209–212. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The integration of internet finance and the marine industry can achieve the effect of the whole being greater than the sum of the parts. The integration of internet finance and marine industry transformation is of great significance to promote the innovation and development of the marine industry and realize the optimization and improvement of the marine industry. This paper first analyzes the current situation of internet finance and the marine industry, then studies the relationship between internet finance and the transformation and improvement of the marine industry, and finally presents the way to integrate internet finance and the marine industry.

Xie, N., 2020. Coupling of urbanization and the development of the marine tourism industry: An exploratory study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 213–216. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The marine tourism industry has become one of the main industries in the economic development of coastal areas, which has rapidly promoted the development of urbanization in coastal areas. At the same time, with the rapid process of urbanization, the marine tourism industry is also developing rapidly, and interaction between the two is increasingly significant. With the rapid development of the marine tourism economy in China's coastal areas, the regional economy and urbanization in China's coastal areas have developed rapidly. Therefore, how to quantitatively analyze the coupling relationship between urbanization and the marine tourism industry has become a key issue, which is very important in studying the coordinated relationship between them. Urbanization and the development of the marine tourism industry is a benign interaction and harmonious symbiosis, which promotes the economic development of coastal areas. In this article, the coupling between them is studied quantitatively. Through data analysis, this article studies the coupling degree and coordination degree evaluation system based on comprehensive indicators. Then, this article constructs an interactive model of the marine tourism industry. Finally, this article puts forward some suggestions for the coordinated development of the marine tourism industry and urbanization.

Lu, H., 2020. Analysis of economic benefit of e-commerce business in oceangoing enterprises. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 217–220. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With a unique geographical advantage in the sea area, China's oceangoing enterprises have developed rapidly. They have gradually formed industrial activities with regional characteristics according to regional resources or economic models, contributing many economic benefits to regional economic development. This paper explores the economic benefits of the e-commerce business in oceangoing enterprises based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) calculation model. To this end, this research integrates the internet thinking mode and studies the improvement of the industrial chain in oceangoing enterprises. The research results show that oceangoing enterprises relying on e-commerce have formed a modern logistics operation mode and expanded the application of e-commerce and electronic trade in foreign trade. By weakening the relationship between analysis variables, the DEA model can help to calculate the potential output, actual economic growth rate, and potential economic growth rate of multiple decision-making units in oceangoing enterprises. The DEA model shows that the potential economic benefits increase year by year, and the potential economic benefits can predict the actual economic growth. The research findings provide a theoretical basis for calculating the economic benefits of e-commerce business in oceangoing enterprises.

Cheng, B., 2020. Promotive effect of port trade on the international economy considering the effect of industrial clusters. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 221–224. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

China's foreign trade mainly relies on marine transportation, and the port trade develops rapidly and synchronously with the economy. With the continuous increase of the number of port-based enterprises, the effect of industrial clusters of port enterprises is becoming increasingly obvious, and its promotive effect on the international trade is getting stronger. With Shanghai Port as an example and taking the effect of industrial clusters into consideration, this paper explores the promotive effect of port trade on the international economy and conducts related analysis. The research results show that with the progress of foreign trade, industries that are closely related to port industrial clusters are also developing continuously. The economic effects of port industrial clusters are divided into two aspects: the micro-aspect and the macro-aspect. As an example, the industrial cluster effect of the Yangtze River Delta Region and the industrial clusters of port-based enterprises would enhance the promotive effect of Shanghai Port on the international economy. The study in this paper aims to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the effect of port industrial clusters.

Wen, M.; Liu, C.; Galina, P.; Tao, C.; Hou, X.; Bai, F., and Zhao, H., 2020. Efficiency analysis of the marine economy in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area based on a DEA model. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 225–228. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper aims to study the marine economic efficiency based on a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. The Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) was taken as the research object, and an input-output index system was established. The research results show that the GBA is developing rapidly, and the spatial layout of the marine economy continues to optimize. In the established input-output index system, the input indicators include the three aspects of marine resources, human resources, and scientific and technological inputs, while the output indicators include marine economic output and environmental output. The marine economic efficiency of the GBA was not high, and the average efficiency values of all regions were less than 1; the average value of Guangdong's marine economic efficiency was the highest, and that of Hong Kong's was the lowest, indicating that they are in an inefficient state. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions are put forward for improving the marine economic investment and enhancing the efficiency of marine economic development. The research findings provide useful reference for the sustainable development of the marine economy in the GBA and throughout the country.

Ma, D.-Y., 2020. Legal guarantee system for the development and utilization of the coastal marine environment. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 229–232. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The development and utilization of the coastal marine environment have caused serious pollution to the marine environment while bringing great wealth to human kind. This study takes the perspective of the legal prevention and control of coastal marine environmental pollution and studies the legal guarantee system for the development and utilization of the coastal marine environment. For this, the article analyses the important role of the development and utilization of the coastal marine environment in the national economy and the increasingly severe pollution of the coastal marine environment. The study found that insufficiencies in legal basis, enforcement coordination, and judicial relief are the main problems in the legal guarantee system of China's coastal marine environmental pollution; the discontinuous legislative system, imperfect enforcement system, and professional trials in a new and inexperienced court system are the main causes of these problems. Finally, the study suggests three countermeasures: improving the legislative system, innovating cooperative mechanisms, and strengthening judicial protection. The research findings enrich the research on the legal theoretical system for the development and utilization of the coastal marine environment and have certain theoretical value.

Wang, H. and Wei, A.-M., 2020. Talent demand and training strategy of oceangoing cruise company based on customized talent development model. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 233–236. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid development of China's national economy and foreign trade, the oceangoing cruise industry has had huge development potential in China, with a corresponding requirement for cruise talent. However, the gap in talent from international cruise companies has seriously affected the development needs of domestic companies. Based on a customized talent development model, this paper studies the talent demand of ocean cruise companies and seeks high-quality talent training strategies for ocean cruise companies. The research results show that there exist many problems in China's cruise talent training in terms of different levels, categories, and contents; the training of customized talent in China includes internal training, intermediary training, and college education training; the strategies of training marine talent need to be carried out from the system level, the process level, and the environmental level. The research findings provide a theoretical basis for talent training in the marine system.

Lin, Y. and Han, S., 2020. Fund management and risk control of listed ocean shipping companies based on cost control theory. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 237–241. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Fund management and risk control of listed ocean shipping companies directly affect the development of enterprises, and cost control is an effective method to improve the ability of fund management and reduce risks. This article attempts to study the fund management and risk control of listed shipping companies based on cost control theory. To this end, it first explores the factors affecting the shipping costs of listed ocean shipping companies, then analyzes the change trends of fund management and risk control in these companies. Finally, it proposes the construction of financial risk management mechanisms for listed ocean shipping companies. The research found that the interaction between internal environmental factors and external environmental factors together affected the transportation costs of listed ocean shipping companies. Taking COSCO Group as an example, it was found to have particular cash financing risk, and its short-term debt service risk was low, but in the long run, COSCO Group has a high debt repayment risk. Cost control is conducive to reducing corporate costs, and COSCO's financial assets have good potential. China's listed ocean shipping companies should establish a financial risk management system, and their financial risks should be measured in terms of profitability, solvency, economic efficiency, etc. The research findings play a significant role in improving the fund management capabilities and reducing risks of China's listed ocean shipping companies.

Yuan, B.; Xia, H.; Du, E., and Yang, D., 2020. Research on the framework of intellectual capital information disclosure of listed companies in coastal areas. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 242–246. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Considering that the role of intellectual capital information disclosure in listed companies in coastal areas is increasingly prominent, how to evaluate the quality of intellectual capital information disclosure has become a key issue. At present, most of the current data sources on intellectual capital information disclosure research are derived from annual reports and independent intellectual capital reports. However, with the development of self media, the data sources of information disclosure should not be limited to traditional information media, but should fully consider the information sources of microblogs, company websites, and other channels. This article takes the listed companies in the coastal areas as an example and applies the Delphi method to the construction of the intellectual capital information disclosure framework. Specifically, the author uses the Delphi method to find the expert questionnaire survey, selects the suitable factor index, constructs the multisource intellectual capital information disclosure framework, which integrates the information sources of the annual report, microblog, and official website. Then, the framework was verified in detail by the Krippendorff method. The framework can more scientifically reflect the quality of intellectual capital information disclosure of the listed companies in coastal areas. The research results provide new ideas for intellectual capital information disclosure.

Yin, G. and Peng, J., 2020. The correlation between coastal economic development and inland transportation smoothness. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 247–250. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The transportation industry is the basic industry for the development of the national economy, and it is interrelated and interdependent with the regional economy. This article aims to study the correlation between coastal economic development and the smoothness of inland transportation. To this end, selecting Fujian province as the research object, this study builds an evaluation model of transportation dominance and an evaluation index system of coastal economic development level to analyse the evolution characteristics of the traffic dominance and the level of coastal economic development in Fujian province. Then, a coupling coordination evaluation model was constructed to analyse the degree of coupling coordination between coastal economic development and inland transportation. The research results showed that there were significant regional differences in traffic dominance in Fujian province and the space was unevenly distributed, showing a clear centre–periphery pattern. The overall level of coastal economic development in Fujian province from 2013 to 2017 fluctuated slightly, and there were significant differences between the evaluation indicators. There was a high coupling and great interaction between coastal economic development and inland transportation smoothness, but significant differences in coordination. These research findings provide a reference for promoting the coordinated development of coastal economy and inland transportation and have certain theoretical and practical value.

Chen, Y., 2020. Application of improved Dijkstra algorithm in coastal tourism route planning. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 251–254. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the development of computer science and geographic information science, there are more and more applications for GIS. Shortest path analysis is a key issue in GIS geographic network analysis. One of the classical algorithms for calculating the shortest path is the Dijkstra algorithm, which is used in many projects to solve the shortest path problem. However, when the traditional Dijkstra algorithm solves the shortest path between nodes, a large number of nodes outside the identified nodes are calculated, which affects the speed of the algorithm. The Dijkstra algorithm is a classical algorithm for solving the shortest path in the embedded GIS system. By analyzing the Dijkstra algorithm, changing the storage structure, and examining graphing methods, the binary ordering tree algorithm based on the rectangular restricted area reduces the memory storage space. Shortening the query time requires optimizing the shortest path calculation process; the actual data test also shows the effectiveness of the algorithm.

Li, J., 2020. Evaluation of financial performance of port enterprises based on radial basis function neural network. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 255–258. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

An objective, fair, and accurate evaluation of the financial performance of the port enterprises is an important measure to mobilize and improve the enthusiasm of the port enterprises employees and the progress of scientific and technological innovation. This paper proposes a refined evaluation model of the financial performance of port enterprise companies based on the radial basis function (RBF) neural network. The normalized financial performance index data of port enterprise companies are multiplied by the corresponding weight coefficient as the network input, using excellent, good, middle, and F5 grade evaluations as output. The particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to cross-validate the RBF network structure parameters. Through analyzing the RBF network structure and enter and export characteristics, it was found that the trained RBF network weights are highly correlated with the five-level evaluation results and can more accurately distinguish scientific research performance differences than the five-level evaluation results. This weight can be directly used to conduct a detailed evaluation of the financial performance of the port enterprises. This paper promotes the application of RBF networks in the evaluation of financial performance of port enterprise companies and provides new ideas for similar evaluations.

Wang, J. and Xie, S., 2020. Application of BP neural network in early-warning analysis of investment financial risk in coastal areas. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 259–262. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Financial risks in coastal areas are not only related to the current state of capital markets, but also to the positive fiscal policy effects implemented in recent years. Foreign speculative capital has not yet had a serious impact on China's monetary and financial markets. In this paper, first, the factors of financial risk in coastal areas are identified, and the corresponding evaluation index system is established with the Delphi method. Then the back-propagation neural network model is used to carry out the early-warning analysis of the major destinations of overseas mining investments. The results show that risk warnings will be moderate in Canada, Russia, and Australia in the coming years, with fewer risk warnings in Brazil, India, and South Africa. South Africa's economy is in a poor state of economic development; Brazil's real lending rate is too high. Chinese enterprises may consider investing in overseas mining in countries where the risk warning is light.

Zhou, X., 2020. Path planning of coastal tourism based on the improved firefly algorithm. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 263–266. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

To optimize the path of coastal tourism, a niche firefly algorithm (NFA) is proposed. First, according to the characteristics of environment, a reasonable path-planning model is established, and the objective function of the firefly algorithm (FA) is set as moving steps. It has redesigned the brightness formula, initialization method, and firefly movement mode. Second, on the basis of the FA, the introduction of niche technology needs to join the shared information among niche populations. Simulation experiments show that NFA can get several optimal operations compared with FA; the average number of moving steps decreased by 7.14%, and the objective function of NFA decreased by 6.76%. The average value of firefly brightness has increased by 8.33%. Compared with the genetic algorithm, NFA's moving steps have decreased by 7.14%, and the mean of objective function decreased by 9.79%. The results show that NFA is better in algorithm performance.

Lu, H., 2020. Marketing network of marine products under e-commerce mode. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 267–271. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The construction of marine product marketing network under the e-commerce mode plays an important role in expanding the marketing scope of marine products and increasing corporate income. This paper first describes the development prospect of e-commerce in China and its impact on marine products; then it analyzes the operation mode and marketing channel management of e-commerce for marine products, as well as the characteristics of the marketing of marine products; moreover, on the basis of the analysis, it summarizes the problems existing in the construction of a marine product marketing network under the e-commerce mode and proposes relevant suggestions. The research finds that the current e-commerce transactions of marine products in China mainly have three modes: setting up online shops on third-party websites; publishing product information on marine product marketing websites; and selling marine products on network platforms built by the e-commerce enterprises themselves. The e-commerce mode can simplify the transaction process of marine products and save the sales cost, while consumers could also enjoy greater discounts; moreover, the e-commerce mode can facilitate government supervision and ensure reasonable operations. For current marine product marketing network construction under the e-commerce mode, there are problems such as insufficient brand building, low utilization of cold chain transportation, incomplete after-sales service, and lack of a standardized system, so the brand building should be strengthened, the logistics service level should be improved, and the processing level of marine products should be enhanced. This paper aims to promote the construction of a marine product marketing network.

Zhou, L. and Che, P., 2020. Tax information accounting of marine enterprises. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 272–275. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the continuous deepening of tax system reform in China, especially after the implementation of the tax policy replacing business tax (BT) with value-added tax (VAT) in marine enterprises, the production of marine enterprises has been affected to a certain extent, and their tax information accounting has undergone structural changes. However, marine enterprises are not very optimistic about the new tax reform policy and they claim that their tax burdens have increased. On the basis of literature review and empirical analysis, this paper takes a marine company G in Qingdao as a typical case and adopts SPSS15 to analyze its financial data and explore the impact of tax reform policy on marine tax information accounting, thereby analyzing the causes for current problems and giving corresponding suggestions and countermeasures. The research results show that the tax reform policy has increased the tax burden of marine enterprises by 34.2%, and there are taxation problems such as difficulties in invoice management and accounting. It is recommended that the market should promote electronic invoices, the government should provide appropriate subsidies, and the enterprises should make good tax plans. This paper provides theoretical reference and data support for marine enterprises to thoroughly understand the tax reform policy and adjust their own business modes, which is conducive to enhancing their market competitiveness. It also has certain reference significance for marine tax management.

Liu, W.; Ye, B., and Liu, Y., 2020. Marine finance and marine science–tech innovation: An industrial panel data-based analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 276–280. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

To resolve the weakness in the marine economy, China has set up the strategy of revitalizing the ocean through science and technology. The experience of developed coastal countries and regions shows that marine finance is an important pillar for marine science and technology innovation and industrial development. This paper discusses how marine finance influences marine science and technology innovation. It makes up for the shortage of previous quantitative research, especially the shortage of marine finance research in subdivided industries. This study takes on the analysis of the quantitative impact of marine finance on marine scientific and technology innovation by gathering data from marine scientific research institutions involved in 13 industries from 2006 to 2016. By using the panel data, this research supports the important role of marine finance in science and technology innovation in the marine economy.

Guo, D.; Xu, M., and Li, Y., 2020. An empirical study on the CPI interaction in the Yangtze River Delta economic zone. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 281–284. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Accurate identification of the source and transmission mechanism of price fluctuation in an economic zone is not only conducive to maintaining price stability and promoting the healthy development of the regional economy, but also its interaction can reflect the degree of integration of economic development among the main bodies in the region. However, few studies have explored the comprehensive price interaction in the integrated economic zone. Therefore, this paper chose the consumer price index (CPI) data of each province in the Yangtze River Delta economic zone to empirically analyze the CPI interaction cross the economic zone. The results showed that CPI fluctuation in Shanghai has a greater influence on CPI fluctuation in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Shanghai and Jiangsu are each other's Granger causality, and Jiangsu and Zhejiang are each other's Granger causality. The results indicated that Shanghai and Jiangsu have highly integrated industrial and market structures, whereas Zhejiang has a relatively independent industrial and market structure.

Li, C. and Zhang, Q., 2020. Shareholders' social network, environmental uncertainty, and companies' M&A decisions: Evidence from companies in coastal regions of China. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 285–289. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

China's merger and acquisition (M&A) activities are increasingly emerging in recent years, especially in coastal regions, which are the most economically active regions. Shareholders are the final decision makers of M&A, and their social network has more and more influence on M&A decisions. This article selected China's A-share listed companies in coastal regions from 2011 to 2018 as research samples and empirically tested the influence of shareholders' social network on companies' M&A decisions. We found that shareholders' social network can significantly enhance companies to make M&A decisions. Specifically, with stronger centrality, companies have more tendencies to make M&A decisions. In addition, we examined the moderating effect of environmental uncertainty on the relationship between them. We found that environmental uncertainty can positively moderate the relationship between shareholders' social network and companies' M&A decisions. Therefore, it is necessary for companies to explore and optimize their positions in the shareholders' social network, as well as take full account of the possible impact of environmental uncertainty to make reasonable M&A decisions.

Tang, L.; Jin, C.; Tian, Y., and Li, L., 2020. Effects of free trade agreements on Chinese forestry industry: A context analysis with the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road countries. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 290–294. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the deepening of economic globalization, signing trade agreements has become the most important way to promote trade cooperation among countries. With the implementation of the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road initiative, China is committed to continue expanding the opening and deepening of regional economic and trade cooperation in this region. Using the data of 58 countries along the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road from 2003 to 2017, this study uses the propensity score matching and difference-in-differences method to explore the free trade agreement (FTAs) impact on Chinese forestry industry. The results show that FTAs have a significantly positive impact on exports of Chinese forestry industry. After controlling for the impact of the global financial crisis in 2008 and removing the extreme values in the sample, FTAs still have a significantly positive impact on exports of Chinese forestry industry.

Ma, L.; Wang, Y.; Ren, C.; Li, H., and Li, Y., 2020. Early warning for internet finance industry risk: An empirical investigation of the P2P companies in the coastal regions of China. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 295–299. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Recent years have seen the rapid development of Internet finance in China, and various peer-to-peer (P2P) lending platforms have been released. However, the emergence of diverse problems, such as absconding with the money and fraudulent platforms, has exposed the lack of supervision of P2P lending platforms. This paper collected 26 dimensions of data from 1292 P2P companies in the coastal regions of China from third-party websites. Risk warning and machine learning were incorporated to construct a risk warning model for P2P lending platforms. This model consists of a decision tree model, naive Bayes model, and support vector machine model. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the data source, which is the data predicted by the above models, and the target variables. Type I error rate was utilized to determine the optimal model. The conclusions are as follows: The indicators of registered capital, changes of business scope, and platform background have a great impact on the accuracy of P2P risk prediction; the decision tree model is capable of predicting problematic platforms; and the decision tree model, support vector machine model, and naive Bayes model have a descending order in accuracy. Hence, the decision tree model is the best model for risk warning.

Guo, X.; Liang, P., and Xie, Z., 2020. Executive stock ownership, dynamic adjustment of capital structure and corporate performance: Evidence from Chinese listed marine industry companies. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 300–304. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Taking the Chinese A-share listed companies traded at Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2017 as samples and further investigating companies concerned with marine industry, this paper conducts empirical research on the impact of executive stock ownership on capital structure adjustment and corporate performance. It also verifies whether the speed of adjustment and degree of capital structure deviation have mediating effects on the relationship between executive stock ownership and corporate performance. The research found that executive stock ownership significantly promotes capital structure adjustment, which exerts a certain degree of mediating effect on executive stock ownership and corporate performance, and that on differentiated levels of corporate debts, such an effect is more obvious in the over-indebted companies. When the executive stock ownership is less than 5%, the effect is more significant. In the group concerned with marine industry, the speed of capital structure adjustment and the degree of capital structure deviation exert partial mediating effects on the relationship between executive stock ownership and corporate performance.

Li, Y.; Zhong, Q., and Xie, L., 2020. Has inclusive finance narrowed the income gap between urban and rural areas? An empirical analysis based on coastal and noncoastal regions' panel data. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 305–308. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

By lowering the threshold effect of financial services, inclusive finance has eliminated financial exclusion and improved the opportunities for rural economic entities to obtain financial services and to increase their income, which has an important impact on improving the pattern of the urban-rural income gap. By constructing the inclusive financial development index and using the coefficient of variation method, this paper measures the development level of inclusive finance in 30 provinces of China from 2010 to 2016 and uses panel data to analyze the impact of the inclusive financial development level on the urban-rural income gap. The conclusions reveal that the development level of inclusive finance shows great regional differences and that the development level of inclusive finance in coastal regions is higher than that of noncoastal regions. Inclusive financial development has a significant impact on narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.

Zhong, C. and Zhao, Y., 2020. Factor efficiency of the seafood e-commerce industry: An exploratory study in coastal cities of China. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 309–313. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Fresh food e-commerce in China has shown a booming development in recent years. As a segment of the fresh food market, seafood e-commerce has also developed rapidly. An analysis of the factor efficiency of seafood e-commerce in major coastal cities of China can provide effective suggestions for industrial upgrading and restructuring. Based on the data envelope analysis Banker, Charnes, and Cooper (DEA-BCC) model, this article makes an analysis of the factor efficiency of seafood e-commerce in 38 coastal cities of China and then a comparison between different cities and regions in the integrated efficiency, scale efficiency, technology efficiency, output deficiency, and factor redundancy. The results show: factor efficiency in southern coastal cities is generally higher than that in northern cities; output deficiency is not obvious in both the north and the south; factor redundancy is more serious in all cities.

Wu, L.; Dong, C., and Xiong, G., 2020. A big-data–based analysis on the impact of cruise tourism image on Chinese tourist satisfaction and behavioral intentions. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 314–318. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This research, targeted at Chinese cruise tourists, divides the cruise tourism image into five dimensions: cruise infrastructure, services, leisure and entertainment, cruise brand, and atmosphere. The purpose is to explore the impact of cruise image on Chinese tourists' satisfaction and behavior intention. In this research, all comments on popular cruises “Royal Caribbean International-Spectrum of the Seas,” “Princess-Sapphire Princess,” “Costa-Venezia,” and “Star Cruises-Explorer Dream” on popular China-Japan lanes posted by Chinese cruise tourists on Ctrip in 2019 are extracted with Python software. Word frequency analysis, semantic network analysis, and sentiment analysis in big data text analysis are applied. The results indicate that the image of infrastructure, service image, leisure & entertainment image, cruise brand image and the image of tourism atmosphere of cruises have a significant positive impact on the satisfaction and behavioral intentions of Chinese tourists. In this regard, the recommendations for cruise brands are as follows: (1) To update entertainment items on cruises and improve the maintenance of infrastructure from time to time. (2) To make on-shore activities more interesting. (3) To strengthen the uniqueness of cruise brands. (4) To expand the target customer group. (5) To provide more customized services.

Liang, R. and Liu, Z., 2020. Port infrastructure connectivity, logistics performance and seaborne trade on economic growth: An empirical analysis on “21st-century Maritime Silk Road.” In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 319–324. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This study aims to examine the impact of port infrastructure connectivity, logistics performance, and trade on economic growth. Based on World Bank Indicator data of 32 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road countries, this research conducts an empirical analysis using the Structural Equation Model. The main results are as follows: (1) Port infrastructure connectivity improvement can enhance logistics performance and economic growth, while logistics performance improvement has no significant effect on promoting economic growth. However, logistics performance plays an active intermediary role in port infrastructure connectivity promoting economic growth; (2) Logistics performance improvement can promote seaborne trade, while port infrastructure connectivity is negatively related to the seaborne trade, which may be due to the low efficiency of ports. Thus, logistics performance improvement has a dual role in promoting trade; (3) Port infrastructure connectivity and logistics performance develop simultaneously and promote each other, which can form a synergy to promote trade and economic growth.

Zhao, J.; Xiu, Y., and Cui, W., 2020. An empirical study on marine economic efficiency of the Liaoning coastal economic belt. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 325–328. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The pursuit of higher efficiency of resource use is one of the goals of marine economic development. Marine economic efficiency evaluation is an important basis for urban planning marine resources investment and development of the marine economy. In this article, the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist productivity index are used to analyse the marine economic efficiency of six coastal cities in the Liaoning coastal economic belt from the dynamic and static perspectives. In the dynamic analysis, this article uses the Malmquist productivity index to evaluate the change of marine economic efficiency of coastal cities in the Liaoning coastal economic belt and decomposes the total factor productivity. In the static measurement, the DEA method is applied to the six coastal cities in the Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone in 2018. The development level of the ocean economy is evaluated, and the mechanism reasons of the ineffectiveness of sea economy development of coastal cities, which lead to the ineffectiveness of DEA (comprehensive efficiency), are analysed, and a scientific basis for the effective development of ocean economy in the future is also provided.

Dong, H.H.; Zhang, R., and Xie, B.J., 2020. The impacts of market timing on capital structure: An empirical study of initial public offerings in the coastal regions of China. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 329–333. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

By analyzing initial public offering (IPO) data of 580 firms that are located in coastal areas listed in China's A-share market from 2003 to 2012, this article studies the impact of market timing on capital structure of these firms. Evidence suggests that capital structure of the firms is affected by the market timing attempts. Furthermore, hot-market firms decrease the leverage ratio by issuing more equity in the year of the IPO compared with its cold-market counterparts. Empirical examination shows that these attempts persist for a short term after the IPO, and reversal takes time.

Wang, X. and Han, Y., 2020. Performance management evaluation of port enterprises in a low-carbon environment. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 334–337. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With increasing attention to environmental protection, building a low-carbon environment has become a global development trend. For the port industry, it is the only way for enterprises to adapt to the global economic changes. Therefore, port enterprises should actively use the new development mode of low-carbon economy in enterprise management so as to solve the problems of transformation and upgrading, energy conservation, and emission reduction. On this basis, this paper first introduces the theoretical basis of port enterprise performance management in a low-carbon economy, then analyzes the impact of a low-carbon environment on port enterprises, and finally studies the construction method of a port enterprise performance management system in a low-carbon environment.

Fan, Z. and Xu, S., 2020. Geometric location fusion of marine geographic and ecological environment information. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 338–341. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the implementation and development of China's marine strategy, the development and use of the ocean has become a research hotspot. However, the use of the ocean cannot be separated from the protection of marine geographic and ecological environment information, especially the geometric location information. First, this paper introduces two- and three-dimensional vector data fusion of marine geographic information. Second, it analyzes the key technologies and applications of marine geographic and ecological environment information fusion to realize the fusion of a variety of digital marine geographic environment information and to enrich the guarantee methods of geometric location information of marine geographic environment.

Xu, W., 2020. Environmental performance optimization design of marine climate adaptive green public buildings. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 342–346. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

At present, the rapid development of human society and economy has also brought serious environmental problems. Climate adaptive green public buildings can reduce the load of the buildings on the environment, save resources, and provide healthy and comfortable space for human beings, making the relationship between humans, building, and natural environment more harmonious, which has become the development trend of future architecture. This article first introduces the relationship between green public buildings and the external environment, then analyzes the functional space design of coastal green public buildings, and finally gives the performance optimization design strategy of marine climate adaptive green public buildings.

Yao, Z., 2020. The design of marine architecture: A renewal and development of coastal city space perspective. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 347–350. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The tourism demand in coastal cities imposes higher requirements for their urban planning, and, in addition, wind gusts and high humidity also require the functional design of buildings. This paper analyzes the actual demand for urban planning and design, especially urban architecture planning and design under the goal of spatial renewal and development of coastal cities, and analyzes the problems in the field of coastal urban architecture design under the current situation. This research indicates that the marine architecture design for spatial renewal of a coastal city should concentrate on ensuring the unity and functionality of the architectural style, so the design requirements are high. In order to achieve this requirement, the design ability for coastal architecture can be improved by introducing planning methods such as an electronic sand table and brainstorming.

An, L. 2020. Spatial distribution of park landscape green space in ports: A study considering the constraints of ecological space. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 351–354. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the advent of the era of economic globalization, ports have become a window and platform for information and goods exchange between countries around the world. In addition, the progress of technology has also further improved the spatial pattern of the original ports. As a window of entry, ports not only represent the level of regional development, but also its environmental landscape has become an important part of the regional image. The rationality of the spatial distribution of park landscapes in ports is not only important to the ecological protection of the coastline, but it also has many other functions such as scenic vision and environmental protection. Based on this, this paper first studies the definition of ecological constraints, as well as the temporal and spatial characteristics and driving mechanism of the changes in the ecological role of the port park landscape, and it finally studies the park landscape green space design based on ecological spatial constraints in ports.

Chen, X. and Zheng, J., 2020. Countermeasures for marine environmental pollution governance: An ecological civilization perspective. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 355–358. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The smooth implementation and development of the marine strategy cannot be separated from the protection of the marine ecological environment. With the increase of marine utilization in China, the problem of marine environmental pollution is more and more serious. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out research into countermeasures for marine environmental pollution control based on the perspective of ecological civilization. This paper first introduces the theoretical basis of marine environmental pollution control based on ecological civilization, then gives the status of the marine ecological environment in China's coastal waters, and then analyzes the status of marine ecological environment control in China. Finally, this paper gives suggestions on the specific strategies for marine environmental pollution control based on ecological civilization.

Shan, P., 2020. Coastal landscape planning and design: A low-impact development–based study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 359–362. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Qingdao is a coastal city, which has hundreds of years of modern urban infrastructure history. In recent years, Qingdao has become the main gateway of China's foreign trade and an important starting point of the Maritime Silk Road. Therefore, the city scale and area of Qingdao are expanding rapidly. With the expansion of the city scale, the coastal landscape belt of Qingdao city has also expanded. However, in the process of landscape belt construction, Qingdao is faced with many core issues of urban planning and design, including construction land planning, construction and maintenance funding, environmental protection, etc. Through a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis, this paper analyzes the above problems and puts forward solutions. In the early stage of landscape belt planning, enterprises can be invited to participate in the planning and design by introducing financial leverage of financial funds reasonably, which will improve the economic benefits of the coastal landscape belt. Through the comprehensive utilization of the planning system in the coastal landscape belt, these problems can be solved. In the construction of Qingdao coastal landscape belt, full use should be made of the original sewage facilities, including inheritance and sustainable use of the Qingdao low-impact development construction concept.

He, C.; Xiang, X.; Lin, J., and Yu, L., 2020. Study on urban design characteristics of new coastal “reclamation type” town. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 363–367. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The construction of new coastal reclamation areas is an important decision in China, because it is a form of development and construction that must adapt to many problems in coastal areas, including rapid socioeconomic development, rapid population growth, and serious shortage of land resources. China has many coastal provinces, which will be limited by the shortage of land resources. Therefore, in the rapid economic development, coastal cities will be greatly restricted, which will limit the rapid process of urbanization. China has abundant beach resources. Therefore, reclamation and city building have become the main means to alleviate land resource shortages. In recent years, various coastal cities in China have carried out new reclamation-type town design, which has its own unique characteristics. These new city construction plans need to be improved, because the “reclamation type” city is an important part of urban construction planning in the future. This paper analyzes the current situation of the construction of the new coastal reclamation areas, presents the methods, and suggests improvements.

Guo, W., 2020. Climate adaptability of green buildings in coastal areas. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 368–371. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The survival and development of human beings cannot be separated from a dependence on the sea. However, with the increase of human activities, the natural environment, especially the coastal environment, continues to deteriorate, and human beings have to strengthen the protection of nature. Therefore, the green building movement, especially green building design adapted to the natural climate environment, has become a current research hotspot. This paper introduces design strategies for green buildings based on climate adaptability, elasticity, and technology for buildings in coastal areas.

Liao, S.; Xie, Y., and Xiao, F., 2020. Study on urban design of a coastal tourism areas. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 372–376. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

At present, coastal cities are changing toward information, intelligent, ecological, and other directions, which requires urban design with various complex factors. Through effective urban design, resources can be effectively allocated, balancing economic and environmental development, which is an important means of tourism development in coastal cities. The regional natural and cultural characteristics should be analyzed, because they are important factors in planning and design cases. At present, the functions of coastal cities will become more and more complex, requiring the construction of city characteristics, space humanization, and so on. Urban design is the overall design of the complex system of the city, which pays more attention to the framework creation and the guidance of urban development. Urban design is a multisolution process and a continuous basis system that will feed back dynamic urban governance, which is a professional category that comprehensively deals with system element relations, public value orientation, and high-quality urban environment concepts. The basic concept of urban design consists of mixed functions, land use, public transport, public vitality creation, and medium- and high-density urban texture, which has gradually become a consensus. This paper analyzes the key methods of urban design, which will be an important reference for the planning of coastal city tourist areas.

Wang, H., 2020. Application of back propagation (BP) neural network in water quality assessment: A case study of Ashi River Basin. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 377–380. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The artificial neural network (ANN) theory and method was adopted to establish a back propagation (BP) neural network model for the assessment of water quality. Considering the water quality in the Ashi River basin as an example, a comparative analysis between the obtained results and the results from the Nemerow index method shows that the BP neural network model is applicable to evaluate the river basin water quality, and the model has a good reliability. By simulating the human brain in the thought process and analysis mode, the accuracy of water quality assessment is greatly improved, which means that the model can provide a reliable basis for assessing the water quality of the river basin.

Tan, L.; Zhou, J.; Zhang, Y.; Liu, J., and Liu, H., 2020. Correlation between the construction of Zhejiang coastal military settlements in the Ming Dynasty and the natural terrain. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 381–387. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The military settlement for the coastal defense of Zhejiang Province in the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) is representative of military settlements throughout ancient China. The distribution of military power was closely related to the natural terrain, and its military hierarchical structure conformed to fractal systems. Based on fractal theory, the box dimension method, which has been widely used in geography, was selected to calculate the geomorphic fractal dimension of coastal-defense settlements within a certain range. The traditional box-counting method was optimized by ArcGIS to obtain the geomorphic-complexity index. By analyzing the correlation between this index and the military-force scale data extracted from historical books, this article breaks through the qualitative conclusions of general studies and obtains the quantitative influence of the complexity of the natural terrain on military construction, especially on the distribution of the size of garrison troops. This method quantifies complex concepts through fractal dimensions and provides a new idea for research on the influence of the natural environment on the formation of traditional settlements.

Zhang, Y.; Chen, S., and Wang, N., 2020. The impact of educational level on ecological efficiency: An empirical analysis in the middle reaches of Yangtze River. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 388–395. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

How to coordinate the relations among economic development, resource consumption, and environmental protection is an important issue for China's current development. This research measured the temporal and spatial effects of the ecoefficiency of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Yangtze River. The results show that the ecoefficiency of urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River has increased year by year, and the ecoefficiency of some cities vary greatly. There are significant spatial correlations and dependencies, and the level of education is positively correlated with ecological efficiency. Improving the level of education increases people's awareness of environmental protection and conservation, thereby reducing pollution emissions and resource consumption, and the ecological efficiency will be further improved. By exploring the impact of population and economic and human factors on ecological efficiency, the hope is to provide reference policy suggestions for urban planning, economic development, and environmental protection in China.

Fang, F., 2020. A multiattribute performance measurement for marine energy saving and environmental protection enterprises. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 396–401. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid development of modern technology and industries, an industry revolution is approaching. Many countries have adjusted their own strategic development steps by raising emerging industries that are based on significant technical breakthroughs and development demand. The Chinese government has adopted the “blue economy” as the direction for high-quality development. Energy Saving and Environmental Protection (ESEP) industries have been chosen for the nature of their intensive knowledge and technology, their low consumption of material resources, their large growth potential, and the good overall benefit. China's listed ESEP enterprises, as an example, set performance evaluation indicators based on the path of their corporate value formation and use multiattribute evaluation methods to obtain stable evaluation results. They also comprehensively evaluate marine ESEP safeguard measures to protect the marine environment, to contribute toward transforming traditional development methods, and to accelerate the high-quality development of the marine economy.

Li, M.; Li, W.; Li, T.; Lin, W., and Wang, F., 2020. Evaluation of atmospheric carrying capacity of the Bohai Coast Jing–Jin–Ji region. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 402–406. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

To understand the level of atmospheric environmental carrying capacity in coastal areas, this article constructed an evaluation index system of atmospheric environmental carrying capacity, using the environmental capacity index and atmospheric environmental carrying capacity index to comprehensively evaluate the level of atmospheric environmental carrying capacity in Jing-Jin-Ji region from 2013 to 2016. The research showed that the level of atmospheric environmental carrying capacity in Jing-Jin-Ji region showed an upward trend from 2013 to 2016. Atmospheric conditions have shown great progress in improving air quality in recent years, and air quality is expected to improve further.

Yang, D.; Li, M.; Wang, F.; Lin, W., and Li, W., 2020. Ecological footprint evaluation: an empirical study of the Bohai Coast of the Jing-Jin-Ji region. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 407–413. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This article studies the resources and environmental carrying capacity of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei in China with an ecological-footprint evaluation index that was constructed for cultivated land, forest land, grassland, construction land, water area, and fossil fuel land. The ecological footprint and the ecological carrying-capacity comprehensive index methods are used to, respectively, reveal how much natural resources have been used and nature's ability to provide products and services. The ecological deficit or surplus reflected by the difference between them is used to show the state and trend of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region ecological environment. The results showed that, because of the long-term ecological deficit caused by the limited supply of natural resources, the per capita ecological carrying capacity of the Beijing and Tianjin Province has always been lower than the per capita ecological footprint. The consumption of natural resources in Hebei Province is still mainly reflected in the consumption of coal, petroleum-based energy, and the production of agricultural resource–based biological resources, and the development model is still the same as it was in 2010—consuming existing natural resources to make up for the lack of ecological carrying capacity.

Li, M.; Li, W.; Xu, Y.Q.; Lin, W., and Li, T., 2020. Evaluation of water resources carrying capacity of Bohai coast Jing-Jin-Ji regions. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 414–418. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Water resources are an irreplaceable natural resource for human survival and economic and social development and an important guarantee for sustainable economic and social development. This study looks at the ecological footprint of the water environment in coastal areas and evaluates the ecological deficit or surplus in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Jing-Jin-Ji) region based on empirical results. The results showed that the water ecological footprint of the Jing-Jin-Ji region is generally in a state of deficit, with Beijing being the most serious, followed by Tianjin and Hebei. Finally, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote carrying capacity of water resources in coastal areas.

He, L., 2020. The factors influencing green building design: A perspective from the characteristics of coastal regions. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 419–422. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

China must adhere to a low-carbon development model with Chinese characteristics that focus on two aspects: the green building of family residences and a government directive for developing the overall level of the city, such as building ecological cities, low-carbon cities, and so on. Therefore, the design of green buildings in coastal areas needs to be in accordance with the characteristics of and to solve comprehensively the problems of those areas. Green building can effectively address the problems of indoor environmental protection and external environmental impact, thus solving the problems of human life and global climate change. In this study, green building design factors were analyzed, such as climate characteristics, water resource conditions, renewable energy, the geological environment, and so on. Analysis of green building design factors can make green building technology strategy suitable for coastal cities, which will point out the important concerns of green building.

Wu, D; Niu, Y., and Sun, Z., 2020. Quantitative research on the quality of street space in coastal cities. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 423–426. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Street space is an important part of public space in cities, and the connection of street space among city districts directly affects the development of the city. Coastal cities are densely populated, and people's increasing demand regarding quality of life has put higher requirement on the quality of street space in cities. This research adopted quantitative analysis to study the quality of street space in coastal cities, and takes the north downtown district of Qingdao City, a coastal city in China, as an example to quantitatively evaluate the quality of street space in coastal cities. The research results show that human activities have a very important role in street space. The composition of street space in coastal cities includes the external representation and the spatial constitution. The quantified morphological features include interface density, alignment rate and uniformity, etc. Through the analysis results of the quantitative research of the interface density and alignment rate of the streets in the north downtown district of Qingdao City, it was found that, in general, the sense of closeness, continuity, and orderliness of the street space is good. This article provides a theoretical basis for the quantitative analysis of the street space in coastal cities.

Yang, L. and Tian, Y., 2020. Art design of urban public space based on marine culture. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 427–430. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

China's marine cultural industry is the key for the economic growth of coastal cities. The development of urban culture is synchronized with marine culture, and urban culture of coastal cities is more or less mixed, with some marine cultural elements. This study attempts to explore the overall design of public space art in coastal cities from the perspective of marine culture look deeply into the relationship between the artistic design of urban public space and marine culture and urban image building. The research results show that both the urban culture and marine culture have the characteristics of agglomeration, diversity, regionality, and radiation; the design of public art is an important factor in the design of urban image, and the design concepts of public space sculptures in coastal cities are closely related to marine culture; the public art system is a system with a sequence and hierarchical relationship; the design of art forms not only depends on their own artistic value but also echoes the surrounding cultural ideas. This study provides a theoretical basis for the rapid integration of marine and urban cultures.

Tian, Y. and Yang, L., 2020. Cultural and artistic design of coastal cities based on marine landscape. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 431–434. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The ocean has endowed open and shared spaces to coastal cities. The marine culture brought by marine landscapes affects the development and dissemination of culture and art in coastal cities and is an important source for the unique regional cultural landscapes of coastal cities. Based on the development of regional marine culture, this study aims to explore the role of marine landscapes in the cultural and artistic design of coastal cities and proposes corresponding strategies for cultural construction and development. The research results show that a beautiful marine landscape can be created in each coastal city; the basic elements of marine landscape design include conceptual elements, humanistic elements, natural elements, and artificial environment elements. The cultural and artistic design process in coastal cities must not only meet the requirements of urban development strategy, resource allocation, industrial layout, spatial pattern, and city image, but also adapt to the marine cultural atmosphere. This study provides a theoretical basis for accelerating the integration of marine culture into the cultural and artistic design of coastal cities.

Zhang, H.; Wu, S., and Tian, Y., 2020. Does green credit matter in the effect of payments for ecosystem services on economic growth? Evidence from Xin'anjiang River Basin. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 435–439. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) can provide financial incentives to the protection of the watershed environment in upstream regions, and green credit is one of the most popular incentive measures. It is necessary to understand the effect of green credit on economic development, especially where has a possible sacrifice because of environmental protection. Taking the Xin'anjiang River Basin as a case, the synthetic control method (SCM) was used to analyze the effects of the PES project implemented in Anhui Province from 2012 on its per capita gross domestic product (GDP). The results showed that the PES project had a negative effect on per capita GDP in Anhui Province, which caused an average reduction of 679.144 Chinese yuan (CNY)/person. Moreover, the average reduction comes to 440.050 CNY/person with the participation of a reversed predictor of green credit, and the green credit average offsets the negative effect of the PES on economic growth by 1% a year. Finally, evidence shows that technical improvements and industrial structure adjustments are the two main ways for economic growth, which can be promoted by green credit. Attention should be paid to balance the economy, ecology, and society in the process of development. Additionally, green credit is of great value when applied to help alleviate the pressure of government finance.

Li, H.; Xu, W.; Zhang, Y., and Wu, T., 2020. Evaluation of factors influencing the sustainable development of the marine equipment manufacturing industry cluster. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 440–444. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

According to the theoretical framework of comparative advantage, the industrial cluster and national strategy, and the current situation in the development of the marine equipment manufacturing industry, this study selects the labor market, average industry size, relative enterprise size, new products, total labor productivity, product sales rate, export capacity, and operating costs of eight factors to build an evaluation index system, thereby establishing an industrial cluster measurement model. The marine equipment manufacturing industry is then taken as the research object to calculate the industrial agglomeration index, perform regression analysis on the indicators that affect the sustainable development of each industrial cluster, and evaluate the effect of each industry cluster indicator through the analysis of the calculation results. Finally, this study provides suggestions and countermeasures for the sustainable development of the marine equipment manufacturing industry cluster.

Li, Z.; Xu, W.; Zhang, Y.; Shi, H., and Hu, H., 2020. Economic evaluation system of a marine public-private partnership project considering environmental cost from the perspective of the public sector. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 445–449. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As an important way of financing, public-private partnerships (PPPs) have been widely used in many countries. With the application of PPPs in the marine industry, the public sector should not only ensure economic benefits but also consider the environmental cost of projects when making investment decisions. From the perspective of the public sector, this study calculates the environmental cost applicable to the marine industry, selects eight economic indicators, and determines the weight based on the triangular fuzzy number–based analytical hierarchical process and rough set method respectively, and establishes a complete economic evaluation system. Finally, an example is given to prove the rationality of the system.

Xu, W.; Wang, A.-n., and Zhang, Y., 2020. The impact of marine environmental awareness on economic development in coastal areas. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 450–453. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Awareness of the marine environment has a huge impact not only on the marine environment but also on the economic development of coastal areas. This paper analyzed people's awareness of the marine environment and studied its impact on the economic development of coastal areas, so as to provide new ideas and methods for promoting the economic development of coastal areas. The results show that factors such as the marine environment experience, marine environment sentiment, willingness to protect the marine environment, and the perception of the marine environment all had a great impact on the economic development of coastal areas. Therefore, when developing the marine industry, attention must be paid to the benefits brought by the development of the industry, but also the benefits of fostering people's awareness of the marine environment

Yu, W.; Chen, T.; Yu, S., and Wang, H., 2020. Study on spatial-temporal distribution and dynamic evolution of eco-efficiency in China's coastal provinces. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 454–458. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The dynamic trends and convergence of eco-efficiency were analyzed using the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis model (US-DEA) with undesirable output and the σ convergence model based on the panel data of 11 coastal provinces in China from 2008 to 2017 in accordance with the eco-efficiency evaluation characteristics of coastal areas. A Markov transition probability model was introduced to analyze the transition probability of eco-efficiency in the time domain and predict the future eco-efficiency evolution of coastal areas in China. The results show that: (1) The eco-efficiency of each province in coastal areas is increasing year after year, presenting a convergence trend. (2) The eco-efficiency of coastal areas is transitioning gradually rather than suddenly. The upward transition probability is greater than the downward transition probability, indicating that the positive probability of eco-efficiency is greater than the negative probability. (3) The eco-efficiency of coastal areas in China will increase year after year in the future based on the prediction of the eco-efficiency transition probability.

Du, Q.; Zhou, Y., and Gao, H., 2020. Optimization of shipping company incentive mechanism based on service quality. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 459–462. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The freight forwarding enterprise integrates shipping companies with different service levels and quality and matches reasonable shipping companies through task decomposition according to different requirements of customers. Shipping companies meet customer needs by cooperating. Service quality is the evaluation of customers' recognition of the services provided by enterprises. High-quality service not only wins the trust of customers, but it also establishes the brand image of enterprises during their development. The main research content of this paper is how to improve the service quality by designing reasonable incentive systems because the level of efforts of shipping companies are not observable.

Liu, Y. and Cui, L., 2020. Risk assessment for the logistics of shipping companies: An exploratory study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 463–467. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

To promote the healthy development of shipping companies and improve their logistics, based on the research of scholars around the world, this paper further improves the study on risk assessment for shipping companies. After defining and explaining the basic concepts of maritime logistics and logistics risks for shipping companies, this paper focuses on the characteristics of the risk factors affecting each link in the logistics chain to identify the risks for the logistics of shipping companies. The logistics risk factors of shipping companies are systematically analyzed, and a risk indicator system is established. This paper discusses the application of the analytic network process (ANP) in risk assessment and constructs a risk assessment model for the logistics of shipping companies. By comparing the importance of each risk factor, the relative weight of the risk factors is scientifically reflected, providing a reference for the logistics management of shipping companies and the construction of a risk evaluation model.

Xiong, L.; Zhao, W.; Su, J., and Tian, Y., 2020. Advances in the global value chain of the shipping industry. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 468–472. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The global value chain division of labor system is becoming the latest model for product division and production. International cooperation in division of labor is higher, and production processes are more finely divided. It is an important driving force for the development of the world economy today. Based on existing literature research and analysis of the research progress in global value chain connotation, participation, trade benefits, status of labor division, and global value chain reconstruction, this paper summarizes the contributions and deficiencies of existing research and finally proposes the future development direction of the global value chain.

Yang, J. and Guo, L., 2020. Optimization of marine port logistics collection and distribution network: A perspective of supply chain management. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 473–476. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the prosperity of financial trade, marine port logistics have become an important part of international logistics, which needs to improve port efficiency by optimizing the collection and distribution network. A collection and distribution network is a kind of system that integrates multiple transportation modes, including railway, highway, waterway, air transport, pipeline, etc. Zhoushan Port in Ningbo is the largest port in China. With the gradual increase in the importance of marine port logistics, the original collection and distribution network has been unable to meet the rapid growth of port cargo throughput. Therefore, the marine port's collection and distribution network system needs to be optimized based on the supply chain. This paper presents an analysis of the optimization of Zhoushan Port's collection and distribution network based on the supply chain. First, this paper forecasts the cargo throughput and container throughput of Zhoushan Port using the Grey method. Then, this paper predicts the capacity of different transportation networks. Finally, some suggestions are put forward.

Feng, H.; Ye, C., and Gao, R., 2020. AHP-based evaluation of port logistics transportation efficiency. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 477–480. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The logistics transportation efficiency of ports is an important basis for their development planning, which is of great significance to regional economic development. This paper attempts to study the evaluation of port logistics efficiency on the basis of the analytic hierarchy process. To this end, taking Shandong coastal ports (Qingdao, Rizhao, Yantai, Weihai, Weifang, and Jining ports) as research objects, it establishes an evaluation index system and evaluation model for logistics transportation efficiency of, and then evaluates their logistics transportation efficiency. The results showed that Qingdao Port ranked first, followed by Rizhao Port and Yantai Port, in terms of efficiency. Suggestions for improvement were put forward. The research findings enrich the related results of the logistics transportation efficiency evaluation system and model on maritime ports and have certain theoretical significance and practical reference value.

Kong, M.-Q.; Tang, J.-X., and Yu, S.-M., 2020. Financial risk assessment of an ocean shipping company based on the AHP. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 481–485. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The financial assessment of ocean shipping companies plays a vital role in the development of the company. On the basis of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), this paper aims to evaluate the financial risks of ocean shipping companies. To this end, it first analyses the financial risks qualitatively and quantitatively, and further decomposes and judges the risk issues. Then, taking company A as an example, the risk assessment method was demonstrated. Finally, it conducts a comprehensive assessment of financial risks. The research showed that the improved AHP proposed in this paper can comprehensively evaluate financial risks and also provide sufficient time for companies to avoid risks and reduce risk losses; shipping company A was evaluated using the AHP to find that its financial situation is not optimistic; it is at the level of medium risk, so proactive measures should be taken to solve existing problems and improve the company's ability to deal with financial risks. The research findings provide a new method for financial risk assessment of ocean shipping companies.

Wang, X. and Zhang, L., 2020. A survey on job satisfaction and countermeasures in shipping companies. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 486–489. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Marine transportation is important for international trade. The job satisfaction of employees of shipping companies directly affects the overall competitiveness of the companies and has a positive correlation with their overall economic benefits. On the basis of the existing operating model of China COSCO Shipping Corporation Limited (COSCO), this paper aims to study the job satisfaction of employees using questionnaires and statistical methods. It also proposes countermeasures and suggestions to improve employee satisfaction. The research results show that there are still many problems with the logistics service of China's shipping companies; job satisfaction of employees is mainly related to the working environment, employee compensation, job nature, interpersonal relationships, and social evaluation. According to the survey on job satisfaction at COSCO, job compensation scored the highest, followed by work environment, and satisfaction with work group scored the lowest. The research findings provide a theoretical basis for shipping companies to continuously improve employee job satisfaction.

Bai, N. and He, Z., 2020. Construction of financial risk management and control system for shipping companies. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 490–493. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper attempts to study the financial risk management and control system of shipping companies for improving their operation and investment efficiency. To this end, selecting Z shipping company as an example, this paper analyzes the current status and influencing factors of financial risk management in Z shipping company on the basis of financial risk management-related theories. The financial index analysis was also adopted. The research results show that Z shipping company has different degrees of risk in terms of financing, investment, capital recovery, and income distribution; in the financial risk management of Z company, there exist problems such as the lack of a financial risk management atmosphere and the awareness of financial risk management for all employees, an irrational postsetting of risk management agency, the lack of a scientific financial risk management system, and absence of financial risk professionals. In response to these problems, control measures were proposed from four aspects: financing risk, investment risk, capital operation risk, and establishing a supervisory agency and improving the operating mechanism. The research findings enrich the theoretical research content of financial risk management in shipping companies and play a certain guiding role in the construction of a financial risk management and control system.

Fu, H. and Sun, F.S., 2020. Benefit and cost of RFID technology to container ports: A competitive perspective. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 494–497. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The container ports serving overlapped hinterlands compete actively with each other, and radio-frequency identification (RFID) adoption serves as a way for a container port to improve its competitiveness. As an investment, the port measures the revenue and cost of RFID adoption to determine whether and when to bring in RFID. The present paper reviews existing literature on measuring the revenue and cost of RFID adoption to a container port and puts forward our point, which highlights the necessity for a port to measure the revenue of RFID adoption from a competitive perspective. Specifically, the port should focus on not only the impact of RFID adoption on port efficiency, but also the change of relative market share due to RFID adoption (or nonadoption). Further, we investigate the port's optimal RFID adoption strategy under competition on the basis of a game-theoretic model, and our result may explain the phenomenon that in reality, even well-matched ports will not adopt RFID simultaneously.

Huang, X.L.; Zhang, J.A.; Ren, Y.T.; Dai, X.M., and Wang, Y.W., 2020. Utilizing port yard resources to optimize iron ore supply-chain cost based on “port before factory.” In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 498–501. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As a large steel-producing country, China has become the world's largest consumption market of imported iron ore, driving the continuous growth of cargo throughput of China's ports. How can the Port-Steel enterprises in the supply chain optimize the allocation of land resources of the port and material resources of the Port-Steel enterprise to reduce the increased supply-chain costs due to the import of iron ore and achieve win–win of Port-Steel? Considering the batch distribution of iron ore demand, this paper constructs the just-in-time batch model under cooperation and noncooperation. The economic order quantity and single optimal unloading quantity under the two situations are obtained. Then the paper compares the changes of respective cost of Port-Steel and the total supply chain. The results show that under the condition of cooperation, the total supply-chain cost is lower. Through the redistribution of benefit compensation, the two sides can achieve win–win and the operation cost of the port is reduced while the inventory cost of the steel enterprise is also optimized.

Ma, K., 2020. Implementation of marine geographic information system: Taking the Yellow River delta as an example. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 502–505. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The application of a marine geographic information system (GIS) has become one of the important tools for the planning, management, and development of estuarine and coastal resources and environment. The system can not only deal with spatial data management and graphic expression, but also meet the increasingly complex data processing and analysis requirements. Taking the Yellow River delta as an example, this paper studies the marine GIS and its key technologies to establish a practical marine GIS with observation data processing and analysis. This paper first introduces the overall design and construction of the database, then analyzes the common functions of the system, and finally studies the key applications of the system.

Xiao, Z., 2020. Structure and fatigue analysis of semisubmersible offshore communication platform. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 506–509. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As an important tool and means of marine oil and gas resources, a marine communication platform not only plays an important role in the development of marine high technology in China, but also plays an important role in marine environment monitoring. Therefore, it has become the current research hot spot. This paper first introduces the fatigue damage analysis method of a semisubmersible offshore communication platform, then calculates its structural design and hydrodynamic load, and finally analyzes the structural fatigue and maintenance of the semisubmersible offshore communication platform and gives maintenance advice.

Shi, G. and Qian, Y., 2020. Application of vessel solar photovoltaic power generation system. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 510–513. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the increasingly prominent global environmental problems, reducing the impact on the environment has become the focus of attention of all, which is a necessary factor for development. This paper first introduces the structure mode of the solar photovoltaic system and then, based on the analysis of the solar photovoltaic power generation theory and power system theory, studies the influence of marine environmental factors on the output characteristics of solar photovoltaic cells and the operation control strategy. Based on the practical application of the photovoltaic system in shipping ships, the key technologies of the photovoltaic grid connected system are analyzed.

Liang, X. and Ji, H., 2020. Research on friction and impact load response of ship shafting. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 514–517. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the increase of rotating speed, the vibration speed of impact load increases. The slower, the slower and the faster, the vibration maintenance time is also different. This shows that when the rotation speed of the shaft changes, the oil-film lubrication characteristics of the bearing change, and the oil-film stiffness and oil-film damping of the bearing change, thus showing the support of the sliding bearing. Different from the fixed elastic damping bearing, which is not affected by rotating speed, the oil film dynamically changes its support stiffness and variable damping characteristics. Therefore, when the rotating speed is in the self-excited vibration region of the sliding bearing, the impact time is long, and the amplitude attenuation is slow. When the rotating speed is not in the self-excited vibration region of the bearing, it is in good agreement with the theoretical calculation results.

Chu, P.; Zhang, L.; Huo, W.; Wang, K., and Chen, Y., 2020. Analysis of high-resolution underwater acoustic imaging technology in multi-subarray beam domain. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 518–521. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The development of ocean resources and the research of ocean engineering are inseparable from the acquisition and mastery of underwater scene information, and the most important way to obtain this information is underwater acoustic imaging technology. This paper is divided into two parts: theoretical research and model simulation. In the theoretical research, the principle of traditional the split-beam phase detection method and the basic principle of cross-correlation detection technology of the phase center in beam domain are analyzed. Then, the signal model is established, and the conclusion that the number of subarray elements is positively correlated with the resolution of the system is obtained. Finally, the simulation model of the seabed is established to verify the algorithm of multi-subarray beam domain seabed detection and the high-resolution underwater acoustic imaging system.

Fan, J.; Yan, C.; Lei, P.; Wang, C., and Liu, G., 2020. Study on flow characteristics of three-dimensional backward-facing step at high Reynolds. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 522–525. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Based on FLUENT, the three-dimensional Realizable k-ε turbulence model is used to simulate the flow over a backward-facing step at 40 Reynolds numbers between 500 and 80,000, and the results are combined with the results of particle image velocimetry experiments to verify the reliability of the model. The three-dimensional flow characteristics of the flow over a backward-facing step at Re = 25,822 are analyzed. The results show that in the two-dimensional aspect, the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental values, the separation and reattachment zone length change curves are consistent, the flow field structure is similar, and the model reliability is high. In three dimensions, slight differences occur in the flow distribution of the sections perpendicular to Z axis, and the closer the section is to the wall, the greater the change of flow is. Along the Z axis, the velocity and turbulent energy of water flow are unevenly distributed in the spreading direction, showing strong three-dimensional flow characteristics.

Zhao, X., 2020. Application of computer graphics and image software in the graphic advertisement design of marine industry. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 526–530. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Graphic image is the most important element in graphic advertising design, which greatly affects the expression of advertising elements in the marine industry. With the rapid development of computer technology, graphic and image software has become an important tool for graphic advertising design, which greatly promotes the design of graphic advertising, such as Photoshop, ExifShow, ACDsee, True Photo, etc. Through powerful software functions, print ads can express more elements, which greatly increase the development space of design, including form, theme, and language. Through software processing, the shape, color, and texture of graphics and images can be changed, which will better present the visual effect and rich connotation of print advertising. Through computer graphics and image software, the graphic advertising design of the marine industry will better show rich connotation, which will meet the healthy development of the graphic advertising industry. This paper analyzes the application effect of graphics and image software in print advertising. Then, this paper analyzes the use principle of graphics and image software. The paper then analyzes the specific application of Photoshop software. Finally, examples of print advertising in the marine industry are given.

Zhou, L., 2020. Analysis of the pile-soil dynamic interaction of wharf in marine environment under the impact of earthquake. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 531–535. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The dynamic interaction of pile-soil structure is an interdisciplinary subject combining structural dynamics and soil dynamics. Under the action of an earthquake load, the soil will cause the movement of ground surface different from that of underlying bedrock. At the same time, the pile-soil structure will also affect the movement of the foundation bottom. Pile foundation is a foundation form with a long history that has many unique functions and is widely used in many fields, such as high-rise buildings, heavy-duty workshops, bridges, and offshore engineering. Pile foundation has become an important type of foundation in engineering construction and is widely used in marine terminals. The dynamic interaction of pile-soil structure in marine environment under earthquake needs to be stimulated, which will have important academic significance and practical value. In this paper, the loads and their effects on the quay structures in the marine environment are analyzed, which reflects the results of the pile-soil dynamic interaction.

Dai, W. and Yu, Y., 2020. Data analysis of safety assessment and early warning for offshore platform. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 536–539. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Offshore platform is a very complex system and is affected by wind, wave, currents, and other loads for a long time. When a safety problem occurs in the offshore platform, catastrophic accidents can cause incalculable loss of life and property and can also damage the vulnerable marine ecological environment. However, the research on the safety of early warning of offshore platforms in China is still in its infancy. Therefore, by performing safety assessment and early-warning work, this paper can obtain the health status of the offshore platform timely and accurately. By studying the safety assessment and early-warning system of the offshore platform, a theoretical basis for the safe operation of offshore platform can be provided. Through the technology of safety monitoring and safety evaluation, this paper constructs the safety early-warning model of the offshore platform, which realizes the monitoring, diagnosis, control, correction, and other functions of the production activities of the offshore platform.

Jiang, X.; Wang, M.; Liu, F., and Zhang, Y., 2020. Visualization analysis of drilling and logging data in offshore oil and gas exploration. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 540–543. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the implementation of China's marine strategy, the development and application of marine resources has become a current research hotspot. Oil and gas exploration plays an important role in China's marine development strategy, and as an important guarantee of oil and gas exploration, it is of great practical significance to study the data of marine oil and gas exploration and logging. Based on this, this paper first makes a detailed analysis on the demand of drilling and logging data and then extensively researches the design of a drilling histogram module. A visual analysis model of drilling and logging data is designed, and finally a visual analysis platform of drilling and logging data for offshore oil and gas exploration is constructed.

Deng, Q. and Yan, X., 2020. Information sharing mechanism of marine environmental management in China. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 544–548. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The 21st century is the era of information sharing, which is the future trend of development. The marine environment is a kind of public resource and involves the interests of the marine sector and the public. Therefore, we must build the information-sharing mechanism of marine environment management, which will deliver marine environment information timely and accurately. The information-sharing mechanism of marine environmental management involves the interests of multiple social groups, including government departments and marine-related industries. The sharing of marine environmental management information is facing the huge test of the change in the behavior logic of the sharing subject. At present, the information-sharing mechanism of marine environmental management has made some achievements, such as platform construction and database and information system improvement. This paper constructs the information-sharing mechanism of China's marine environmental management, which will affect the formulation and implementation of marine environmental management policies.

Cheng, X., 2020. Self-tuning method of mechanical vibration based on rotation of marine power equipment. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 549–552. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Rotating machinery is the most extensive kind of mechanical equipment in the industrial field, which is also an important part of the ship power equipment system. However, the ship has been in a bad working environment for a long time, which has easily led to the rotating mechanical failure of the power equipment system, most of which are caused by mechanical vibration. With the frequent failure of the power rotating equipment, the normal shipping of the ship is greatly affected and causes significant economic losses and casualties. Therefore, self-tuning for the vibration of rotating machinery of marine power equipment should be performed, which will greatly reduce the failure frequency of power equipment. Through the information acquisition system, this paper obtains the position deviation signal caused by the mechanical vibration of rotating equipment. Then, through the principle of adaptive control, this paper designs the automatic correction device of rotating equipment. Through the design and research of this paper, the faults caused by the vibration of rotating machinery of marine power equipment can be reduced.

Zhang, Y.-J.; Qu, J.-G., and Li, D., 2020. Evolution and prediction of coastal wetland landscape pattern: An exploratory study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 553–556. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Wetlands are among the most important natural resources in the world, a human treasure house with many resources. According to the convention on wetlands, wetlands can be natural or artificial, permanent or temporary swamps, wet plains, peatlands, and water areas, which are water bodies with static, flowing, fresh water, brackish water, or salt water, including shallow water areas with a depth of no more than 6 m at low tide. This article mainly studies the coastal wetland of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, by remote sensing, GIS, and GPS technology and cellular automata modeling. Based on the remote sensing images of 1992, 2000, and 2008, the cellular automata model of the Yancheng coastal wetland is established. Through the relevant data, this article analyzes the evolution process of wetland landscape pattern, which plays an important role in the prediction of wetland changes in Yancheng. Through this model, the landscape data in 2020 are predicted. Finally, this article puts forward some sustainable development measures, which can better protect the wetland resources of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province.

Luo, M.-H.; Fan, Z.-J., and Yu, T., 2020. Marine information management service platform: A GIS based study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 557–561. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

At present, with the implementation and promotion of the national marine strategy, the construction of marine information management has also made in-depth development. The purpose of the ocean information management system is to analyze ocean data from an overall perspective, in order to provide intelligent ocean management. The ocean data is complex, and the information is huge, so the construction of the system is also very complex. On this basis, this article designs the marine information service system based on GIS. First, this article analyzes the composition of the marine geographic information system, and then carries out the demand analysis of the marine information management system and the design of the marine geographic information system. Finally, the system development and implementation methods are described.

Peng, W.-L.; Li, H.-L.; Bian, G.-R., and Zhang, E., 2020. Fault diagnosis and maintenance decision method of marine transformer: A rough set theory based study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 562–565. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid development of information technology, the requirements for fault diagnosis and maintenance of marine transformers are higher and higher in China, which will directly affect the safety of a ship's power operation system. When a ship power system is running, the transformer will generate a large amount of measurement and control data, which will become an important way to identify the fault diagnosis of the transformer. Through rough set theory, the algorithm of the multivariate decision tree for transformer fault diagnosis can be formed, which will better diagnose and repair the transformer fault. Through the transformer fault decision table, the transformer fault information can be determined, which will be a concise and reasonable multivariable decision tree. This article mainly describes a fault diagnosis expert system based on rough set theory, which can better detect ship transformers. Finally, this article sets up the transformer fault diagnosis process.

Tu, C.-Y., 2020. Marine geographic information system: A big data based study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 566–570. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the development of information technology and the arrival of the era of big data, marine geographic information systems are increasingly inseparable from the analysis and research of big data. Marine geographic information systems based on big data have an important significance and role for the analysis of the laws and values behind the data. These systems analyze and process ocean data to better serve the national marine information strategy. In addition, marine geographic information systems based on big data can process geological information, improve the research level of marine researchers, and give full play to the economic benefits of the ocean. This article introduces the application of big data in marine geographic information systems, then analyzes the advantages of marine geographic information sharing platforms, that is, application, and finally constructs a marine geographic information system based on big data.

Li, J., 2020. Design and development of marine temperature data recorder system based on single-chip microcomputer. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 571–575. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Marine data parameters play an important role in scientific and reasonable use and protection of the marine environment. Sea water temperature is one of the important parameters of marine data, which has an impact on the marine environment. Therefore, monitoring and recording sea water temperature is a crucial part of marine observation, which is of great significance for marine data research. This paper first introduces the principle of the marine temperature data recorder system based on the single-chip computer, then gives the hardware design and software design of the marine temperature data recorder system based on the single-chip computer, in order to record marine temperature data in the marine data monitoring.

Liang, X.-B. and Wang, K., 2020. Ocean big data service technology in a distributed network environment. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 576–579. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Ocean big data is distributed, which has the characteristics of integrated application. In the distributed network environment, one must avoid information barriers, which will avoid the repeated construction of ocean big data service technology. Therefore, based on the construction of marine information infrastructure and demand orientation, the relationship between marine data sharing and information services can be demonstrated. Through the construction of the framework of ocean big data platform, this article develops ocean big data under the distributed network environment, which is very helpful for the application of ocean data. Through diversified ocean big data, this article establishes an efficient distributed computing ocean big data cloud platform, which is an important development direction of intelligent ocean construction. Through technical support, massive data resources can be used, which will tap the potential value of ocean data.

Kang, Y., 2020. Time and space attribute analysis of interactive media marine dynamic graphics. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 580–583. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The application of interactive media based on the clustering method in the spatiotemporal properties of marine dynamic graphics can improve the transmission quality of interactive media, so it is of great significance for the analysis and modeling of spatiotemporal data properties of marine dynamic graphics and the research and development of the marine environment. This article first analyzes the hybrid distribution algorithm based on clustering structure, then studies the technical framework of marine dynamic graphics and the spatiotemporal data attribute model of the marine environment, and finally gives the strategy of interactive marine dynamic graphics based on clustering.

Hao, H.-L., 2020. Research on the technology of marine ship detection systems based on fiber Bragg grating sensors. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 584–587. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Ocean ships are transportation tools working in a complex and harsh environment that is subject to various loads and erosion. Therefore, it is not uncommon for marine ships to sustain structural damage, which may cause various serious accidents. Therefore, this kind of danger should be minimized in order to improve the safety of ship navigation. Therefore, the health of ships in real time must be monitored in order to prevent damage. At present, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are commonly used. Fiber Bragg grating is a new type of optical fiber sensor, which has the advantages of small size, antielectromagnetic interference, strong corrosion resistance, easy to network on a large scale, and so on.. Therefore, with the FBG sensor, the ship detection system can be monitored, which can measure the stress change and temperature change of the ship in real time. Through the detection system, ship fault diagnoses can be analyzed and addressed.

Tian, M.-X., 2020. Matching method of marine animal animation image: A study considering the variance of scattered particles. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 588–591. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the development of ocean exploitation and use, the marine environment has been damaged more and more. On the other hand, the ocean contains abundant biological resources, and most of the marine animals have image expression attributes. It is of great practical significance to study the advanced animation image matching algorithm of marine animals to improve the accuracy of image matching. Therefore, this article designs an animation image matching method for marine animals based on the granular variance. In this article, first, the extraction method of multidimensional features of marine animal animation is described; second, the matching algorithm based on the variance of scattered particles is analyzed; and finally, the differences among matching algorithms of marine animal animation images are compared to verify the superiority of the algorithm in this article.

Jin, Y.-J. and Peng, H., 2020. Fast and precise orbit determination of satellite GPS data: An image fusion algorithm. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 592–595. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

By 2019, China launched five oceanographic telemetry and remote sensing satellites, and the HY2B satellite has undergone prelaunch commissioning. There is a prerequisite relationship between satellite telemetry and remote sensing accuracy and satellite orbit determination accuracy. This article starts with the conventional satellite orbit determination algorithm, combines the image fusion algorithm with the Fourier transform algorithm, and improves the satellite orbit determination accuracy to a certain extent. This article holds that the accuracy of the satellite orbit determination algorithm based on satellite-borne GPS data has reached the theoretical limit, while the experimental satellite orbit determination algorithm based on big data mining and conventional algorithms is the key research direction for obtaining higher precision satellite orbit determination technology in the future.

Han, Q., 2020. Architecture of a marine information service platform: A cloud computing framework. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 596–599. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

To improve the performance of a marine information service platform architecture and reduce the constraints of single-discriminant parameters in the unit process, an architecture method of a marine information service platform based on a cloud computing framework is proposed. The method has a higher load-detection rate and a lower load-error–detection rate.

Han, Q., 2020. Application of computer graphics and image software in marine graphic design. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 600–604. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Graphic design includes many aspects, such as advertising, animation, web design, packaging, and book design, and so on. Through the combination of various visual elements, designers can transmit their own ideas and ocean concepts to the public. Through graphic design works, designers can smoothly transmit their ocean ideas, which have the power to move others. With the development of the times, graphic design has become a comprehensive industry, which integrates computer technology, art knowledge, and artistic creativity. The current computer graphics and image software includes Photoshop, CorelDRAW, illustrator, etc., which makes graphic design more convenient and flexible. Through various kinds of software, designers can express themselves by more means, which will make the design works more vivid and creative. Through ocean graphic design, designers can enrich the means of expression of their own ideas, which will improve the audience's understanding of the ocean.

Sun, J., 2020. Fault tolerance mechanism of distributed system for marine communication network. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 605–608. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

When the communication network fails or the signal is interrupted, the distributed fault-tolerant system can continue to complete the communication task, which is needed to improve the fault-tolerant performance of the distributed system. Therefore, the key technologies of fault tolerance need to be studied, including the distributed fault-tolerant communication network simulation platform, the communication-network information-storage data structure, the communication protocol between communication network nodes, and the fault-tolerant algorithm of distributed communication network system. In the marine environment, the fleet exchanges data through wireless networks to understand the situation of the fleet-detection area, which can share the processing and calculation tasks. However, the marine environment is complex and changeable, which can cause great interference to the wireless signal, such as sea and cloud-rain clutter. These marine environments will cause the network communication signals to be greatly disturbed, which makes the distributed system unable to guarantee the communication interconnection between each node at any time. Therefore, a data-sharing and distributed-system platform needs to be built, which will design a reasonable system fault-tolerance mechanism. Through the fault-tolerance mechanism of the communication network system, the problem of frequent-node exits can be solved. By optimizing the fault-tolerant strategy of distributed architecture, the system's disaster resistance can be improved. In this research, a fault-tolerance mechanism for a distributed system was designed, which is more suitable for node election.

Feng, X.; Tian, W.; Wei, R.; Pan, B.; Chen, Y., and Chen, S., 2020. Application of a wall-climbing, welding robot in ship automatic welding. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 609–613. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Welding is the key technology in modern ship-construction engineering, which has always been the technical difficulty for all countries worldwide. There are a large number of welding processes in the manufacturing and maintenance of ships. Therefore, to alleviate some problems, such as shortening the shipbuilding cycle, improving the quality of ships, and reducing the labor intensity of workers, the application of new welding technologies must be promoted as the future developmental direction of ship welding. Ship automatic welding has become the main trend. Welding robots have many advantages, such as high flexibility, strong adaptability, and so on. In the 1980s, Japan began to try the application of a wall-climbing, welding robot and achieved good results. By improving the ship-welding equipment technology, the rapid development of the ship industry can be promoted, which will improve the application of automatic welding. This article mainly studies the application of wall-climbing robots in ship automatic welding, which has an important role in the research of ship-welding technology.

Zhou, X., 2020. Application of deep learning in ocean big data mining. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 614–617. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Deep learning is an in-depth study originating from artificial neural networks, which simulate the connection structure of human brain nerves by building models. Through deep learning, low-level features can be combined to form more-abstract, high-level representations, attribute categories, features, etc., which can be used for specific problems, such as classification, regression, and information retrieval. Machine learning is a branch of computer science aimed at achieving computer intelligence through a variety of algorithms. Deep learning is a new research field. By learning to automatically build a feature extractor, a neural network can be formed that can simulate a human brain's ability to interpret data, which will achieve the purpose of solving problems. This article analyzes the theory of a deep learning network model. Then, it analyzes the application of deep learning in ocean big data mining.

Pi, F.; Ren, W.; Yang, X., and Liu, G., 2020. A simplified method to calculate the additional interstory drift of high-rise steel frame based on the P-Δ effect. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 618–623. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The additional interstory drift of high-rise steel frame structure caused by the P-Δ effect usually consists of additional shear interstory drift and additional overall bending interstory drift. For the lateral displacement calculation of structures, the influence of the additional interstory drift is ignored in the first order, and the additional overall bending interstory drift is not considered in the second order. To study the influence of additional deformation on the high-rise steel frame structure, the elastic, simplified formula of additional overall bending interstory drift caused by P-Δ effect is deduced. Then, the simplified calculation method of additional interstory drift is proposed. The numerical simulation using the finite-element and the simplified method of a two-span, 18-story steel frame under horizontal, uniform load is conducted. The results of the two methods are in good agreement, which proves that the simplified method is feasible. In addition, the additional overall bending interstory drift and its proportion in additional interstory drift are analyzed when the aspect ratio of structure is different. The results show that the proportion increases with an increasing aspect ratio and the story numbers; the proportion at the top story is all greater than 70%. Therefore, the additional overall bending interstory drift should be considered in the second-order lateral-displacement calculation.

You, L.; Zhang, G., and Wang, L., 2020. Research on the development of marine information technology in the era of big data. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 624–627. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

At present, the marine economy has become a new growth point in China's national economic growth. Using information management technology to develop and protect marine resources reasonably can promote the sustainable development of the marine economy. However, various departments related to marine affairs have different understandings of marine informatization management over the years, resulting in their work being independent with a low degree of information sharing. When establishing the information system, the lack of unified deployment and planning of resources, low use rate of the resources, low processing efficiency of the massive data, the difficulty in system maintenance, and the high cost of independent operation have all seriously affected the efficiency of marine information management. To solve that, this research analyzed marine informatization management based on the era of big data. Marine information sharing technology under big data are discussed. A framework for the sharing of ocean information planning is constructed. This article puts forward the idea of combining marine information technology with cloud computing and relevant suggestions, which provides beneficial references for marine information management.

Zhang, N. and Zheng, K., 2020. Research and design of the architecture of the marine logistics information platform based on big data. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 628–632. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Using Internet of Things (IoTs) and cloud computing technologies in the era of big data to design a highly shared marine logistics information platform is the basis for realizing the information, efficiency, and intelligence of its logistics process. This research integrated big data thinking and sharing concepts into shared logistics, designed the architecture of a highly shared marine logistics information platform, and proposed an implementation method and application model for the architecture. The platform design introduces artificial intelligence and IoT technologies based on GPS, general packet radio service, and automatic identification system. The platform realizes real-time positioning and monitoring of land and sea cargo, which greatly improves the efficiency of marine logistics management.

Ding, N., 2020. Vibration analysis of offshore oil and gas platform mechanical equipment. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 633–637. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Based on the case of a shallow-water drilling platform, this article focuses on the vibration principle and vibration-control strategy for oil and gas platforms. Through the analysis of ANSYS and field-measured data, this research obtained several causes for violent vibrations of platforms and puts forward countermeasures to prevent platform accidents from vibration. Drilling platforms belong to offshore operation, which have great theoretical risks. In the work of substations, railways, and mines on land, the design of the operation sheet and dispatching instruction are strictly evaluated, and there should be similar attention to dispatching work of drilling platform.

Yun, W., 2020. Design of cross-platform communication software design based on a marine underwater acoustic communication network. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 638–641. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With increasing ocean exploitation and use from various countries, there is a growing demand for marine acoustic-communication technology, especially cross-platform communication. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the design of communication software in the underwater acoustic communication network. This research first analyzed the embedded software design of the underwater acoustic-communication network node and then studied the display and control software design of the data acquisition device of the underwater acoustic communication node. Finally, this research designed a display and control platform for an underwater acoustic-communication network node and tested and analyzed the software of the underwater acoustic-communication network node and obtained good results.

Wang, Z. and Yue, P., 2020. Marine island UAV aerial photography: A path-planning algorithm-based study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 642–645. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The development of artificial intelligence and information technology provides convenient conditions for the rapid application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). With more and more fields using UAVs for mission operation, higher requirements are put forward for UAV path planning. In the process of flight, intelligent avoidance of obstacles and autonomous noninterference flight are the hot spots of UAV aircraft planning research. This study first analyzes the key issues that should be considered in UAV path planning, studies the algorithm of UAV path planning based on island aerial photography, and gives the algorithm for optimization of UAV coverage path planning based on island aerial photography.

Feng, K., 2020. Interactive design for audio-visual language of marine animation: A simulation study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 646–649. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The application of virtual simulation technology in the interactive design of an ocean animation audio-visual language provides a new interactive experience for ocean animation and users. Compared with the traditional design mode, virtual simulation technology can improve the satisfaction of users, improve the efficiency of the design scheme, interact with the audience's audio-visual language, and become part of the audio-visual language art of marine animation. This study first analyzes the interactive design points of an audio-visual language of marine animation, then introduces the advantages of the application of virtual simulation in the interactive design, and finally delivers an interactive design scheme of marine animation based on virtual technology.

Ma, X.; Zhang, Y., and Shao, S., 2020. Theoretical analysis of impact noise based on the transient boundary element method and its application in offshore drilling. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 650–654. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This study constructs a mathematical model of impact theory based on contact dynamics theory and linear elastic contact model. On this basis, the impact noise of two cylinders was numerically simulated with finite element and transient boundary element methods. The simulation results show that the impact noise mainly came from acceleration radiation, and that the acoustic field radiated by impact noise had obvious directivity. The results of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and a Hertzian contact model were compared, revealing that the theoretical results agree well with the numerical results. Finally, the numerical and theoretical results were employed to explore an offshore shallow-water drilling platform.

Qian, Y.; Chao, S., and Wang, R., 2020. Theoretical analysis of plate location effect on soil failure state under horizontal force of a concrete plate-expanded pile used for oceanographic engineering. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 655–659. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In oceanographic engineering, the concrete plate-expanded pile is a new type of energy-saving protective pile. Expanded plate parameters affect the bearing capacity of the horizontal load. In this study, the effect of the plate location, which is an important plate parameter, on the failure state of concrete plate-expanded piles was studied, mainly with the ANSYS finite element analysis software to simulate and analyze models with different plate locations under horizontal action and to determine the effect of plate location on the failure state, which provides a theoretical basis for further research on the design of lateral load-bearing capacity of concrete plate-expanded piles and promotes the development of the design technology of these types of piles.

Qian, Y.; He, M., and Wang, R., 2020. Experimental study on influence of disc number on soil failure state of concrete expanded-plate pile under horizontal force in oceanographic engineering. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 660–663. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As a new type of variable section pile, concrete expansion piles have the advantages of high bearing capacity, strong overturning resistance, and flexible design position. However, the effects of disc parameters on failure state and bearing capacity need further study. In this study, taking disc number as the main parameter, an innovative semisection pile model test method of undisturbed soil is proposed to study the influence of disc number on horizontal bearing capacity and soil failure state of concrete expanded piles under horizontal force. The research results of this study have further improved the test method, test device, and theoretical research conclusion of the undisturbed soil half-section model, which promotes popularization and application of concrete expansion piles.

Wang, H., 2020. Design and development of personnel information management system of coastal enterprises. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 664–667. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The personnel management system of coastal enterprises plays an indispensable role for decision makers and managers and can provide users with sufficient information and quick search tools. Its main task is to use computers to save the personnel files of all company members; conduct operations such as search, classify, count, add, modify, and delete when needed; and inquire about various files for different purposes. From actual personnel management situations, this study adopts Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 as the development tool and designs and develops a personnel information management system of coastal enterprises that can efficiently meet the basic scientific requirements for personnel management. With progress in personnel management and computers, the coastal enterprises system will be continuously perfected.

Yang, J., 2020. Application of Floyd algorithm in the design of a coastal tourism route optimization system. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 668–671. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Reasonable travel designs for tourists attempt to achieve the least cost and the best travel experience. Distributed decision making with gradual optimization by the MATLAB Floyd operation can find the shortest path from a starting point to a tourist destination in a nationwide division of branches. An algorithm is derived and applied in this paper and, when popularized, will allow a choice of starting point, ending point, and intermediate scenic spots and can be expanded to provide corresponding suggestions to tourists and relevant departments.

Ye, J.; Zhou, X.; Yu, J.; Fu, D., and Wang, L., 2020. Experimental study on integral sinking of ultralong asymmetric steel pipeline. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 672–676. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The integral sinking of sea-crossing steel pipeline is a pipe-laying method by which pipe elements are assembled into an integrated pipeline, floated to a specified location, and then straightened, injected with water, and sunk to the bottom. At present, the integral sinking construction of pipeline mainly depends on experience to determine the construction scheme, and the mechanical response of the pipeline is not clear. This study aims to look at the variation law of the hoist cable tension, strain, and displacement of ultralong pipelines in the sinking phase. For this, five schemes were conducted in physical model tests. The results show that: (1) the location and spacing of the hoisting points have an important effect on the force of the pipeline; (2) the most effective way to reduce displacement of and strain on the pipeline and tension in the hoist cable is to increase the number of hoisting points; and (3) the pipeline is in a complex stress state during the process of integral sinking, and the strains at the hoisting points, midpoint, and turning points of long inclined pipe sections are huge, which requires more attention. The research results provide a reference for related engineering.

Xu, X.; Cui, Y., and Jiang, Y., 2020. Development of marine engineering equipment manufacturing industry: A forecasting study through online data. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 677–681. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Online data are widely used today, and whether and how to use them in industry forecasting has become an important field of economic research. In economic analysis, two types of data can be applied: structured data and unstructured information. Government statistics are well structured, whereas Internet online information belongs to the nonstructured information category. This study uses government statistics and online data, applies the OxMetrics software packages, and forecasts the development of the marine engineering equipment manufacturing industry. The research shows that the application of online data can help improve the forecast results, while making full use of both structured data and unstructured information. From the structured data and unstructured information of 2012–2018, development of the 2019 marine engineering equipment manufacturing industry is forecast.