Yu, Y., 2019. Influence of sea–air interaction in the South China Sea on the formation of tropical cyclones based on individual case diagnosis. In: Li, L.; Wan, X.; and Huang, X. (eds.), Recent Developments in Practices and Research on Coastal Regions: Transportation, Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 98, pp. 163–166. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Using National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System Reanalysis data and Japanese 25-year reanalysis data to diagnose the formation process of Tropical Storm Dandelion in the western Pacific Ocean in 2010 revealed the initial interaction of the South China Sea and the sea–air interaction effect of vortex formation. The analysis shows that the initial vortex of Dandelion first appeared on the lower troposphere east of Luzon Island at 0000 on 20 August. The eastward wind of the western Pacific is one of the reasons for the initial disturbance caused by terrain forcing in Luzon. However, according to the thermal adaptation theory, the low-level negative vortices produced by the sensible heating reduction with height is not conducive to further development of the initial vortex in the upper sensible heating zone, so that the maximum heating center appears in the middle layer of the troposphere. Thus, in the troposphere, the low-level nonadiabatic heating increases with height, producing positive relative vortices such that the initial vortex is generated on the east side of the sensible heating zone and then in the lower layer in the troposphere. Therefore, during the initial vortex enhancement phase, condensation of latent heat heating and its role in the manufacture of vortices play a major role.