The current study examines the life history characteristics of Procambarus suttkusi, a species of special concern in the Choctawhatchee watershed, Southeast Alabama, USA. The reproductive biology (reproductive status, size at sexual maturity, egg size and count, and sex ratios), molt patterns, growth, habitat associations, and population density were documented at least monthly from the East Fork of the Choctawhatchee River. Form I males were found from May until mid-September. Because young-of-the-year (rostral cephalothorax lengths ranging from 5 to 10 mm) were first observed at the end of May and ovigerous females were collected in June and July, it was estimated that ovigerous females can be found from April through July. Fecundity ranged from 141 to 228 eggs. Size at sexual maturity was 30.5 and 20 mm for males and females, respectively. Monthly length-frequency diagrams suggested that P. suttkusi may mature its first year and has an estimated life span of at least 36 months. The population density for the East Fork population was estimated at 0.25 individuals/m².